ABOUT THE HISTORY OF THE NEWSPAPER OF THE TURKISTAN REGION

Аннотация

One of the publications that has taken an important place in the history of the Uzbek press is the "Turkeston Viloyat Gazeta". This newspaper was founded at the end of the 19th century, namely in 1870, and is considered one of the oldest mass media that initiated the first stage in the development of the Uzbek press. The emergence of the "Turkeston Viloyat Gazeta" was not only the emergence of a new source of information, but also served as an important tool in covering the political, social and cultural environment of that time. Keywords: Turkestan regional newspaper, N.A. Mayev, Chorizm, V.F. Oshanin, N.N. Pantusov. After the Russian Empire conquered the Central Asian khanates, it established the Turkestan Governorate-General as its base in the lands conquered from the Kokand and Bukhara khanates. Its center was Tashkent. Since 1870, the official organ of the Governor-General, "Turkestanskie Vedomosti" and its appendix "Turkestan velodromining gazeti" began to be published in Tashkent. "Turkestanskie Vedomosti" (April 28, 1870 - December 15, 1917) "Turkestanskie Vedomosti" was published on April 28, 1870, in accordance with the Decree of the Governor-General of Turkestan, Kaufman. "Turkestanskie Vedomosti" is considered the first official printed newspaper in Turkestan, which laid the foundation for the periodic press in Central Asia. "Turkestanskiye Vedomosti" was published in 1870 in 17 issues, from 1871 once a week, from December 1903 - 3 times, from 1907 - 4 times, and finally from July 1907 https://scientific-jl.org/obr 3 0 3 Выпуск журнала №-70 Часть–3_ Мая –2025 ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ НАУКА И ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ИДЕИ В МИРЕ 2181-3187 it was transformed into a daily newspaper. Its last issue was published on December 15, 1917. "Turkestanskiye Vedomosti" newspaper was published in 6406 issues over 47 years. "Turkestanskiye Vedomosti" newspaper was edited and published by Governor-General Kaufman. N.A. Mayev was appointed its first editor. "Turkestanskiye Vedomosti" newspaper was edited by N.A. Mayev from 1870-1892; from November 20, 1892 to December 17, 1899 - A.P. Romanovich; In 1899-1901, it was edited by S.A. Geppener and from November 5, 1901 to January 9, 1907, by N.G. Malitsky. The newspaper called for the implementation of the policy of the tsarist colonial administration, the upbringing of the peoples of Turkestan in the spirit of loyal citizenship, and the support of religious ignorance. More precisely, the program of the newspaper was drawn up by the Ministry of Internal Affairs, which mainly consisted of only four articles. 1. Supreme orders. Supreme telegrams, brief information about awards and assistance to the population of the region, and solemn days. 2. General government orders to be distributed throughout the Turkestan region. 3. Short stories from the lives of Russian tsars, local and other information. 4. Announcements of the postal and telegraph district and other government institutions in the Turkestan region, as well as private announcements". Based on this program, the following sections were organized in the newspaper "Turkestanskie Vedomosti": 1) official; 2) internal information; 3) international information; 4) elegant literature; 5) local information. "Turkestanskie Vedomosti" printed mainly the orders of the Governor-General of Turkestan in its official section. In another section, articles on the history, geography, ethnography and statistics of the region were covered. Indeed, most of such articles belong to the pen of N.A. Mayev, who was the first to explore Central Asia and created many works on its geography and ethnography. Also, one can find a lot of historical and scientific materials on the pages of the newspaper. V.V. Bartold, who https://scientific-jl.org/obr 3 0 4 Выпуск журнала №-70 Часть–3_ Мая –2025 ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ НАУКА И ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ИДЕИ В МИРЕ 2181-3187 was the first to explore Central Asia, academician Scientists such as L.S. Berg, N.A. Seversev, A.P. Fedchenko, I.V. Mushketov, V.F. Oshanin, N.N. Pantusov devoted many articles to the economic, historical, and ethnographic study of the country. At different times, the newspaper published articles such as "Kyrgyz" (ethnographic essay), "The Last Days of Timurlang's Life", "Essay on the History of Kokand" and many others. The newspaper's materials are diverse in genre. News, correspondence, essays, travel memoirs, and journalistic articles were published on its pages. "Turkestanskie Vedomosti" had its own correspondents in other cities of the Russian Empire, such as St. Petersburg, Moscow, and Vladivostok. Issues of the cultural life of the country were also covered in the newspaper's issues. However, the official organ expressing government policy, "Turkestanskie Vedomosti" did not say anything about it. In addition, other Russian newspapers such as "Turkestan", "Turkestansky Kurer", "Turkestanskoe Selskoe Khozyastvo", "Ashkabod" also began to be published in Turkestan at that time. All of these newspapers served to imple