DETERMINANTS OF PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT IN ATHLETES: RISK FACTORS AND CHALLENGES

Аннотация

That is why all-round mature, healthy and mature upbringing of the younger generation is in the ashes of pedagogues, educators, medical staff, parents. Physical development is an important indicator of the health of a growing organism and has two meanings: the first describes the maturation, formation and biological age of the organism, and the second classifies the morpho-functional state at any time. Keywords. organism, physical development, physical health, genetic programs. At present, the indicators of physical development of children are determined not only by the functional properties of morpho, but also by the level of biological development of the organism. Changes in physical development indicators depend on age, and the younger the child, the higher the rates. Physical development depends on gender and social conditions. Non-compliance with hygienic requirements in the family and in educational institutions has a negative impact on the physical development of the young organism, as well as on its mental formation. (1) Comprehensive reforms are being carried out in our country, which is facing the world. There is a process of renewal in society. Preserving the strength of our independent state and introducing it to the world is one of the main tasks facing the next generation. Independence has opened up new opportunities for the rebirth of our great achievements and good traditions and their inspiration. It is necessary to improve the scientific and methodical basis of training of highly qualified athletes at the current stage of achieving high sports results, increasing competition at major international competitions, steadily increasing training and competitive load, the ever-expanding geography of Uzbek sport. High results should serve as a criterion for the individual https://scientific-jl.org/obr Выпуск журнала №-71 27 Часть–5_ июня–2025 ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ НАУКА И ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ИДЕИ В МИРЕ 2181- 3187 and individual genetic ability of sport as a whole, the level and social structure of society. It is necessary to update the theory and method of training highly qualified athletes, creating and introducing a new system of scientific views on the way of comprehensive improvement of training technologies. Currently, the condition for success in sports is the development and implementation of new technologies that promote the training of highly qualified athletes. The health of a person depends on the state of the musculoskeletal system, in many respects, such as walking, working, and physical health. Adequate attention should be paid to the musculoskeletal system of the child from birth from the moment of birth. If he sits incorrectly on the desk, engages in strenuous physical activity that is not appropriate for his age, if he wears very wide or narrow shoes and always looks at the ground, there will be a wide change in his stature. As a result, the thorax narrows, there are not enough conditions for the proper functioning of the limbs, the legs become flat, you get tired quickly when walking, you can not run fast. In girls, scoliosis is a complication of the birth process, which can lead to severe injuries to the mother and child. (2,3) Environmental conditions, genetic programs and other factors Acceleration of growth and development under the influence of external factors is called acceleration (lat. Acceleratio - acceleration uv), the term was first coined by the German scientist R. Cox entered biology and medicine in 1935. Acceleration affects not only physical growth but also mental development. Usually group and period accelerations differ. The fact that some children of a certain age are superior to their physical and mental peers is an example of group acceleration. Examples of acceleration of growth and development in modern children and adolescents compared to previous generations, the onset of puberty, the accelerated development of sensory and somatic systems. Over the next 30 to 50 years, the body weight of the cubs increased by 500 g and the body length by 2.0 to 2.5 cm. It was noted that in 15-year-old adolescents, body length increased by 6-10 centimeters and body weight by 3-10 kg. Acceleration of the cardiovascular, respiratory and musculoskeletal systems has led to the "rejuvenation" https://scientific-jl.org/obr Выпуск журнала №-71 28 Часть–5_ июня–2025 ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ НАУКА И ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ИДЕИ В МИРЕ 2181- 3187 of sports, ie an increase in the number of young people among athletes. Acceleration of physical performance leads to acceleration of mental development. Spiritual acceleration can also occur due to the widespread use of the media today: radio, television, computers and the Internet, as well as the increase in the volume of information. Similarly, reversal is observed during puberty. For example, compared to the 1900s, the sexual maturation of boys and girls has now accelerated by an average of 2-3 years. In Czechoslovakia, the onset of menstruation in girls in 1914 was 14 year