TEACHING ENGLISH LEXICAN THROUGH CULTURAL REALITIES: A LINGUISTOCULTURAL APPROACH

Аннотация

This article analyzes the importance and effectiveness of teaching English vocabulary through cultural realities. It shows the need for the teacher to provide a cultural context, to take into account not only the grammatical and syntactic aspects of the language, but also cultural norms in language teaching. The combination of linguistic and cultural elements is important in highlighting the uniqueness of lexical units, that is, the system of words and phrases. The article provides practical recommendations aimed at more effectively developing students' language skillsinteaching English through theuseof alinguocultural approach. Keywords: cultural realities, English, lexicon, linguistic and cultural elements, linguistic and cultural approach, language learning, learning process, cultural context. Introduction: When teaching English, it is not enough to focus only on the structure and grammatical rules of the language. In the process of teaching a language, it is especially important to take into account the cultural context. The lexicon of the English language consists not only of words and phrases, but also of cultural realities specific to this language, the study of which helps to fully understand the language. Teaching English vocabulary through cultural realities illuminates not only the theoretical, but also the practical aspects of the language for students. In this regard, there is a need to explain to students the cultural essence of the English language and itsconnection with different cultures through alinguocultural approach. The linguocultural approach to language teaching helps to ensure understanding of the content of the English language and its social context. This approach develops students' skills in the correct use of words, phrases, and cultural elements in the English language. By understanding the relationship between culture and language, students learn English not only from the perspective of vocabulary, but also from the perspective of cultural and social significance. This article discusses the advantages of using cultural realities in teaching English vocabulary and how to do iteffectively. Main part: Understanding cultural realities in the process of teaching English means not only teaching students the meaning of words, but also providing them with the social and cultural context of the language. Cultural realities are elements that help students understand the uniqueness of the English language, words and phrases related to their own culture and historical traditions. For example, words like "Thanksgiving" are not only unique to English words, but also reflect thecultural traditions of thepeoplewho communicatein English through thesewords. Teaching cultural realities in English helps students better understand the context in which the language isused. Cultural realities include, for example: Historical and cultural terms: For example, words such as "London Eye", "Big Ben", "Statue of Liberty", "Hollywood"are related to culture. Social customs: Phrases like "Cheers", "Sorry", "Excuse me" are customs and expressions that https://ijmri.de/index.php/jmsi volume 4,issue5,2025 1012 arewidely used in English butare only understood in that culture. Special festivals and holidays: Holidays like "Christmas", "Easter", "Halloween" are part of the cultural part of English and help students understand not only the language but also the customs associated withthe holidays. The linguocultural approach emphasizes the interrelationship between language and culture in the process of teaching English. Through this approach, students not only understand the correct useof words, but also their cultural and social significance. By using the linguocultural approach, students learn the language more easily because they understand English not only as a means of written or oral communication, but also as an element related to English culture, customs and lifestyle. For example, using a linguocultural approach to teaching English, teachers need to explain to students not only the grammatical correctness of English phrases, but also the cultural and contextual significance of these phrases. While the phrase "How are you?" is a common greeting inEnglish, in somecultures, asking this word implies apersonal approach. Effectivemethods forteaching cultural realities in English caninclude: Cultural discussion in class: Introducing students to cultural topics, such as popular festivals, holidays, or national traditionsinEnglish. Cross-cultural activities: Activities related to the cultural traditions and lifestyles of people who communicate in English, such as watching movies, reading books in English, or analyzing new articles, blogs, andstories inEnglish. Video and audio materials: Using videoand audio materials to present cultural realities in a vivid way attracts students’attention and enriches their cultural knowledge. Practical exercises: Exercises in using words in a cultural context help students learn