PRECIOUS STONE IN SOURCES NAMES AND THEIR LINGUISTIC LANDSCAPE

Аннотация

На земле есть драгоценные и недрагоценные камни и их названия в языке. На самом деле, мир камней и их названия приобретают особую красоту и ценность в лингвистическом ландшафте Вселенной. Мы видим, что в творчестве Хазрата Мир Алишера Навои названия драгоценных камней использовались как средство красивой образности. Ключевые слова: ономастика, хрематонимы, менерология, инструмент изображения, эстетическая ценность. There are vocabulary units that have passed through a long historical period in our language, have emerged at different stages of language development, and are related to the history of language, dialectology, ethnography, the history of the people, and the socio-political and cultural relations between the peoples. These vocabulary units include cosmonyms, ktematonyms, ideonyms, biblionyms, fictonyms, chrononyms, chromatonyms, and chrematonyms. Cosmonyms are the study of proper nouns of celestial objects located in outer space [Begmatov, 2013:3]. For example, the Sun, the Moon, Zukhra, Mirrix, Klientari, and Zuhal. This topic has been discussed by Uzbek scholars such as Kh. Eshonkulov, A. Primov, M. Jo Raev, and Z. Yunusova. For example, H. Eshonkulov defended his PhD thesis on "Celestial Symbols in the Poetry of Alisher Navoi," and Z. Yunusova conducted research on "The Composition and Development of the Lexical Microsystem of the Uzbek Language (Based on the Lexical Group of Celestial Lights)." Ktematonyms are a field of study that focuses on the names of rare weapons, equipment, and objects that hold significance in the history and culture of a particular nation. For instance, Chinese porcelain, such as the Chust knife. ~ 30 ~ Talqin va tadqiqotlar ilmiy-uslubiy jurnali Impact Factor: 8.2 | 2181-3035 | № 9(67) Ideonyms are the field that studies the outstanding names of historical works, documents: the law on education, the Declaration of Independence, etc. Biblionims are the name given to any artistic, scientific, religious, political work, i.e. the field that studies the names. For example, “the days gone by,” “ the scorpion from the altar,” “starry nights,” “healing of generations,” etc. Biblionims are essentially a type of ideonyms. Fictonyms are the field of studying the names of works of art created by an artist or creators. The painting ”stranger", as well as the painting” The Madonna." Chronicles (or chrononyms) study the names of historical times and epochs, such as the Renaissance, the Third Renaissance, the Timurid Era, and so on. Chromatonyms (or coloronyms) are a field that studies color names or the names of colors. Chrematonyms are a fairly extensive field of study that focuses on specific names associated with objects of material culture, such as weapons, musical instruments, jewelry, precious stones, and dishes. Chrematonyms, which are the names of inanimate objects, as well as the names of precious stones and minerals and jewelry, play an important role in onomastics. Precious stones, which are an object of material culture, are studied not only by mineralogists, geographers, and geologists, but also by linguists. It is not an exaggeration to say that a precious stone, especially the names of large diamonds, is a link in the science of onomastics that has certain traditions. Experts have established that there are more than one hundred and fifty precious and semi-precious stones in nature. In the past, stones with protective, lucky, and wealth-bringing properties, as well as those that protect against diseases and have healing effects, were widely used by the general population, and each of these stones has its own unique history. Some stones are classified according to their origin (sea pearls, Ghazni marble), size (Kehinur diamond, Samoinur diamond, Columbo diamond), and sometimes their names as jewelry (diamond-eyed ring, ruby-eyed earring, pearl-eyed bead....) is also placed.. In ancient times, precious stones were only divided by color. All red or reddish stones were called “rubies,” green stones were called “emeralds,” and blue stones were called “jewels” (a Persian word). All flint stones that emitted light were named after “jewels.” Later, stones were classified not only by color, but also by purity, rarity, strength, and hardness. In fact, only four of them: diamond, ruby, emerald, and ore can be called ore (an Arabic word meaning gemstone). Gemstones are special minerals that are used to make valuable decorative items. In ancient times, precious stones were only divided by color. All red or reddish stones were called “rubies,” green stones were called “emeralds,” and blue stones were called “jewels” (a Persian word). All flint stones that emitted light were named after “jewels.” Later, stones were classified not only by color, but also by purity, rarity, strength, and hardness. In fact, only four of them: diamond, ruby, emerald, and ore can be called ore (an Arabic word meaning precious stone). Precious stones are special ~ 31 ~ Talqin va tadqiqotlar ilmiy-uslubiy