APPROACHES TO ENHANCING THE DESCRIPTIONS OF IRRIGATION AND MELIORATION TERMS IN EXPLANATORY DICTIONARIES OF THE UZBEK LANGUAGE

Аннотация

This article discusses the development of explanatory dictionaries in the Uzbek language up to the present day, methods for improving the descriptions of irrigation and melioration terms in existing Uzbek explanatory dictionaries, and the practical significance of theresults obtained. Keywords: explanatory dictionary, word, phrase, entry, illustrative example, irrigation, melioration, Uzbeklanguage. O‘ZBEK TILINING IZOHLI LUG‘ATLARIDAGI IRRIGATSIYAVA MELIORATSIYATERMINLARI TAVSIFLARINI TAKOMILLASHTIRISH YO‘LLARI Annotatsiya: Ushbu maqolada o‘zbek tilida yaratilgan izohli lug‘atlarning bugungi kunga qadar shakllanib kelishi, o‘zbek tilida mavjud izohli lug‘atlardagi irrigatsiya va meloratsiya terminlariga berilgan tavsiflarni takomillashtirish yo‘llari va undan olinadigan natijalarning amaliy ahamiyati haqida so‘zyuritiladi. Kalit so‘zlar: izohli lug‘at, so‘z, ibora, maqola, illyustrativ misol, irrigatsiya, melioratsiya, o‘zbektili. ПУТИСОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЯОПИСАНИЙТЕРМИНОВ ИРРИГАЦИИ И МЕЛИОРАЦИИВ ТОЛКОВЫХСЛОВАРЯХ УЗБЕКСКОГО ЯЗЫКА Аннотация: В данной статье рассматривается процесс формирования толковых словарей узбекского языка на современном этапе, пути совершенствования описаний терминов ирригации и мелиорации в существующих толковых словарях узбекского языка, а также практическая значимостьполучаемых результатов. Ключевые слова: толковый словарь,слово,выражение, статья,иллюстративный пример, ирригация,мелиорация,узбекский язык. Introduction.To improve the lexicographic interpretation of terms in the field of irrigation and melioration withinexplanatory dictionaries, attentionshould be paid to thefollowingaspects: a)expanding and enriching thedefinitions ofterms included inthe dictionary; b) developing definitions for units that are not included in the dictionary but are widely used in Uzbek texts and are comprehensible to a significant portion of the population, including non- specialists; c) identifying cases where the use of grammatical and stylistic markers (special labels) is necessary. According to thefirst point, attention should begiven to cases in explanatory dictionaries where terms are listed but their terminological meanings are insufficiently elaborated or not provided https://ijmri.de/index.php/jmsi volume 4,issue5,2025 982 at all. The lexeme “qasirg‘a” can be included among such terms. The dictionary entry for this lexemeprovides thefollowingdefinition: “1kt. Uyurma, quyun. 2Tashvishlivoqealar, g‘alayonlar”[1:80]. In addition to the definition of the lexeme in the dictionary entry, the stylistic marker “k.t.” (literary word) is also provided. This marker indicates that the defined meaning of the lexeme pertains to a literary style. However, the illustrative example provided to support this meaning does not align witha scientificstyle: “Nam tuproqlardan ko‘tarila boshlagan bug‘ siyrak tuman hosil qildi, u boya shiddat va qasirg‘a orasida qo‘ylarini qaytarishga uringan cho‘ponning holini to‘sib qo‘ydi” (I.Sulton, Sofiya) [1:80]. In specialized dictionaries related to irrigation and melioration, the following dictionary entry is provided forthe lexemeqasirg‘a: “Qasirg‘a–odatda, momaqaldiroqlijala bilanbir vaqtda boʻladigankuchli shamol” [2:77]. Analysis of the literature on the topic (Literature review). In our opinion, the first meaning of the lexeme provided in the explanatory dictionary is precisely its terminological meaning. Therefore, it is advisable to rely on the information from specialized dictionaries when formulating it. If the dictionary entry for the lexeme in the explanatory dictionary is structured as follows, thedefinition willbe morecomprehensive andprecise: “1kt. Momaqaldiroqli jalabilan birvaqtda bo‘ladigan kuchli shamol;uyurma, quyun”. Through this definition, the reader gains a clear understanding of why a strong wind or whirlwind is specifically referred to as qasirg‘a. This is because the term momaqaldiroq denotes “chaqmoq chaqib, elektr razryadi – yashin bilan kuzatiladigan, qisqa vaqt davom etadigan atmosfera hodisasi; portlash to‘lqini” [3:221] and its inclusion in the definition of the lexemeqasirg‘aenhances the necessityand relevance ofits presence. As emphasized, the issue of improving the definitions of lexemes in explanatory dictionaries is addressed by adding or clarifying their terminological meanings. For instance, the lexeme oqova is present in all editions of explanatory dictionaries. The definitions of this lexeme in explanatory dictionaries ensure its inclusion in the terminological system of irrigation and melioration. In the latest edition of the explanatory dictionary, three meanings of the lexeme oqova are defined, one of which expresses a connotative meaning and is not used as a term in the field under study. The following meanings of the lexeme, as provided in the Explanatory Dictionary of the Uzbek Language, can serve as a specialized lexical unit within the domain of irrigation and melioration: “1Hovuz, ekinzorkabi joylarga birtomondan kirib, ikkinchi