THE ROLE OF ANTHROPOCENTRIC FACTORS IN THE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONAL NAMES (BASED ON ENGLISH AND KARAKALPAK LANGUAGES)

Аннотация

Personal names serve as fundamental linguistic and cultural markers, reflecting the historical, social, and anthropocentric factors that influence their formation and development. This study explores the role of anthropocentric elements, including cultural heritage, linguistic structures, social norms, and religious beliefs, in shaping personal names in English and Karakalpak languages. Through a comparative analysis, the research highlights the etymological origins, phonetic adaptations, and gender-specific trends that characterize name formation in both linguistic communities. The findings indicate that while English names have evolved through Latin, Germanic, and French influences, Karakalpak names have preserved strong Turkic and Islamic roots. Additionally, name borrowing and adaptation demonstrate the dynamic nature of naming conventions in response to globalization and sociocultural changes. This systematic study provides deeper insights into the intersection of language, culture, and human identity, contributing to the broader field of onomastics and linguistic anthropology. Keywords: Personal names, name formation, anthropocentric factors, English names, Karakalpak names, linguistic adaptation, cultural influences, onomastics, sociolinguistics, globalization. Introduction. Personal names are more than just linguistic elements; they serve as reflections of cultural identity, historical heritage, and social values. Throughout history, the process of name formation and development has been influenced by anthropocentric factors, including human perception, emotions, and societal norms. Moreover, names act as linguistic markers that evolve based on sociocultural changes. Given the importance of this phenomenon, a systematic study of personal name formation is essential to understanding the underlying factors that shape naming traditions. This study aims to explore the role of anthropocentric factors in the evolution of personal names by comparing English and Karakalpak naming traditions. While English names have been 97 THEORETICAL ASPECTS IN THE FORMATION OF PEDAGOGICAL SCIENCES International scientific-online conference shaped by various linguistic and historical influences, Karakalpak names carry deep-rooted Turkic, Islamic, and cultural elements. Through comparative analysis, this paper examines the similarities and differences in name formation, development, and adaptation within these two languages. First and foremost, cultural heritage plays a fundamental role in name formation. Every society has naming conventions that reflect its traditions, religious beliefs, and historical background. For instance, in English-speaking cultures, names often originate from Latin, Greek, and Germanic sources. Names such as Alexander (Greek origin, meaning "defender of men") and William (Germanic origin, meaning "strong-willed protector") demonstrate the historical and linguistic influence of different civilizations. Likewise, Karakalpak names are deeply connected to Turkic and Islamic traditions. Many names derive from nature, historical figures, or religious beliefs. For example, names like Baxıt (meaning "happiness") and Aman (meaning "peace") reflect human emotions and aspirations, while Islamic names such as Muhammed and Fatima highlight religious influences [2, C. 351-360]. In addition to cultural factors, linguistic structure plays a significant role in shaping names. English names often follow phonetic and morphological patterns that have been preserved over centuries. For instance, many English names have specific suffixes such as -son (Johnson, Anderson), which indicate patronymic origins, or -y, -ie (Charlie, Annie), which add a diminutive and affectionate meaning. Similarly, Karakalpak names follow specific phonetic and morphological rules that align with Turkic linguistic patterns. Many names include suffixes like -bek (meaning "leader" or "chief"), as seen in names like Alibek or Nurbek. Furthermore, vowel harmony and consonant assimilation play crucial roles in the pronunciation and adaptation of names in the Karakalpak language. Furthermore, social norms and religious beliefs contribute to the selection of names. In English-speaking countries, names are often chosen based on family traditions, popular trends, or literary references. For example, biblical names such as David, Mary, and John remain widely used due to religious and historical significance. On the other hand, in Karakalpak culture, names often reflect wishes for a child’s future, such as strength, wisdom, or prosperity. Names like Yerbol (meaning "brave man") and Aygerim (meaning "beautiful and intelligent") demonstrate parental hopes and aspirations. Moreover, Islamic traditions strongly influence name selection, with many families choosing names from the Quran or the Prophet Muhammad’s family lineage [6, C. 57]. 98 THEORETICAL ASPECTS IN THE FORMATION OF PEDAGOGICAL SCIENCES International scientific-online conference On the one hand