NORMATIVE AND LEGAL BASES FOR THE FORMATION OF A UNICAMERAL PARLIAMENT IN UZBEKISTAN

Аннотация

s: his article analyzes the legal documents that laid the foundation for the formation of the country’s unicameral parliament. In particular, it reveals the essence and significance of the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the laws “On Elections to the Oliy Majlis of the RepublicofUzbekistan”and “OntheOliy Majlis oftheRepublicofUzbekistan”. Key words:unicameral parliament, law, Konstitution,elections, deputy In a state governed by the rule of law, one of the main elements is the system of separation of powers. Thanks to this principle, state authorities restrain and control each other and do not allow the concentration of power in the hands of one body or person. In most modern states, power is divided into legislative, executive and judicial. The principle of separation of powers is of great importance in the development of society, and if this principle is not observed in the state, a crisis of both the state and society begins, which is what the Soviet system ultimately came to, built on the omnipotence of one party, and not on the separation of powers of the authorities and mutual restraint of power. As a result of the self- destructive policy of the Soviet state, in the conditions of the political, economic and social crisis ofthecountry, Uzbekistan left theUSSR. At the 6th extraordinary session of the Supreme Council of the twelfth convocation in Tashkent, the Resolution “On the proclamation of state independence of the Republic of Uzbekistan”, the Statement on state independence and the Law “On the principles of state independence of the Republic of Uzbekistan” were adopted. It should also be noted that by the Decree theUzbek SSRwas renamed the RepublicofUzbekistan[1]. According to the law "On the Fundamentals of State Independence of the Republic of Uzbekistan", the people of the Republic of Uzbekistan are sovereign and are the only source of state power in the country. The people exercise power both directly and through their representatives. It was declared that the system of state bodies of the Republic of Uzbekistan is based ontheprinciple ofseparation ofpowers, suchas legislative, executiveand judicial. With the proclamation of state independence by the Republic of Uzbekistan in 1991, the country took a course towards democratization of all spheres of life, recognition of the priority of the rights and interests of the individual, development of market relations, separation of powers of the branches of government, inviolability of borders between sovereign states and sovereign foreign policy. One of the important steps in the reform of the political system was the election of a unicameral national parliament of the country - a legislative and representative body formed on a multi-party basis in single-mandate constituencies. The predecessor of the country's new parliament was the Supreme Council of the Republic of Uzbekistan, which operated from 1938 to 1994and performed legislative functions until theelections to the newunicameral parliament of Uzbekistan. The last twelfth convocation of the Supreme Council of the Republic of page2029 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue06,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai Uzbekistan worked from 1990 to 1994 and consisted of 500 people's deputies, who were elected from all regions of therepublicin several stages[2]. The formation of the country's unicameral parliament was preceded by the development of a number of regulatory documents adopted at sessions of the Supreme Council of the Republic of Uzbekistan. These documents became the legal basis for the creation of a new system of state system and management. In total, during the period of work of the country's parliament from 1991 to 1994, 79 laws were adopted and 3 international documents were ratified.[3]. The first step towards the creation of a new parliament of the country was the adoption of the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan on December 8, 1992 at the eleventh session of the Supreme Council of the Republic of Uzbekistan. According to the preamble of the Basic Law, the people of Uzbekistan proclaimed their commitment to human rights and the principles of state sovereignty, confirmed their loyalty to the ideals of democracy and social justice and adopted, in the person of their authorized representatives, the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Article 7of the Constitution ofthe Republic of Uzbekistan established the provision that the people are the only source of state power. This power is exercised in the interests of the people and exclusively by bodies authorized to do so by the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistanand laws adopted onits basis. Article 10 of the Constitution of the country declared that only the Oliy Majlis and the President of the Republic elected by the people could speak on behalf of the people. Article 11 of the Basic L