The Concept of Happiness in The Linguistic Landscape of The Chinese World: The Case of The Han Ethnicity

Аннотация

This article explores the Chinese perception of happiness within the linguistic worldview. It examines various conceptualizations and approaches to happiness in the Chinese context. Special attention is given to the analysis of traditional Chinese philosophical categories such as wǔxíng (五行 – the Five Elements), wǔlún (五伦 – the Five Cardinal Relationships), and wǔwèi (五纬 – the Five Dimensions). The article demonstrates, through linguistic examples, how the notion of happiness is systematically structured in the national linguistic consciousness of the Chinese people. Keywords: Linguistic worldview, wǔfú (五福 – Five Blessings), wǔxíng (五行 – Five Elements), wǔlún (五伦 – Five Cardinal Relationships), wǔwèi (五纬 – Five Dimensions). meanings such as prosperity, prayers, and offerings of Introduction: In the study of changes in the national food (as detailed in Chapter II). mentality of each nation and the linguistic depiction of the world, proverbs play an important role. The In China, as major holidays approach, particularly Chinese perception of happiness can be observed in the during the Chinese New Year, one can observe that concept of wǔfú (五福 – Five Blessings) within their Chinese people display images or greeting cards with linguistic consciousness. In Chinese, the character fú ( this character, often written in red ink on red paper, on 福) symbolizes happiness and good fortune. walls and doors. The character fú (福) is even printed on clothing, gifts, toys, and jewelry. All of this indicates METHODS that the Chinese believe that the character fú (福) calls This article addresses the changing views of the Chinese forth good fortune and happiness. people on happiness, as discussed in the works of Historically, the Chinese have had a unique relationship scholars such as An S.A., Vorsina O.A., Peschanskaya with the character fú (福), which encompasses the E.V., Li Tzyanhua, and I.B. Smirnov. The study applies concepts of happiness and all types of prosperity. This semantic and descriptive analysis methods to examine the subject matter. character is closely linked to the spiritual world of the Chinese people and plays a significant role in depicting Main part the simple worldview and the linguistic representation One of the key principles of Confucianism is outlined in of the universe. In ancient China, the term fú was the Book of Rites (4th-1st centuries BCE), which states: associated with meanings such as fúqi (福气 – to be “福 fú – this is good fortune.” Furthermore, the fortunate) and fú yùn (福运 – a fortunate destiny). In character fú (福) also carries a hidden meaning, modern Chinese, however, younger generations often representing prosperity in commerce and the correct use the character fú (福) in a more specific sense, as development of all life events in the right direction. In part of the term xìngfú (幸福 – happiness). The the Big Chinese-Russian Dictionary edited by I.M. character fú (福) has been maximally utilized and Oshanin, the character fú (福) is noted to denote continuously developed by the Chinese, and thus, a American Journal Of Philological Sciences 61 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajps American Journal Of Philological Sciences (ISSN – 2771-2273) stable and unified system of the fú phenomenon has sacrifices; ~酒 ("the remains of sacrificial wine"), ~胙 been firmly established within Chinese culture . ("the remains of sacrificial meat"). The character fú (福) represents happiness, and II. Verb according to the ancient Chinese etymological To grant happiness, to dedicate, to bless; ~善祸淫 – to dictionary 细说汉字 (Detailed Explanation of Chinese bestow happiness upon the good, misfortune upon the Characters), the left side of this character retains a wicked (meaning actions and consequences); Ancient: symbol of the altar, representing the connection to bow (referring to the gesture of a woman folding her between humans and the gods and ancestors, while the hands in respect) 了一 [woman] she bowed with folded right side depicts an image of a vessel, an open mouth, hands. and a field. The mouth, in this context, represents a III. Notable Geographical: a) Fujian; ~海关 – Fujian person living in a household, while the field symbolizes customs (San Du Ao); ~橘 – Fujian mandarins (a variety food. One can interpret this as the mouth symbolizing of fruit); b) Fuzhou city;Fu (surname). a human being, and the field representing food, suggesting that one person is linked to one field. Food 福 fú (happiness, goodness, virtuous deeds); 幸运 has always been, both a thousand years ago and today, (luck). 身在中不知 ("You live in prosperity but do not the most essential need for human beings. Therefore, appreciate it" or "you are always dissatisfied regardless in the ancient Chinese understanding of fú, happiness of circumstances"). Thus, the character fú (福) has a was linked to the protection of Heaven and the gods. In significant and unparalleled place in the 5,000-year this character, it conveys the idea that a person who history of