Семантико-стилистические характеристики военной лексики Второй мировой войны

Аннотация

The article is devoted to the professional use of military lexis during the Second World War, all lexical and semantic processes associated with the expression of specific features in general vocabulary, as well as the specifics of military lexis in using a generallexis to represent military reality. Keywords:World War II, military lexis, linguoculturological, comparative construction, army, war, general military, military actions, concept, military jargon, military term. It is known that during the centuries our people participated in different battles and wars, came across with several countries, exchanged experience in military field and accepted novelties in the field, as well as vocabulary of our language has been enriched. That’s why if it provides an opportunity to identify and analyse the origin of military terms, on one hand, and make opinions on historical relations of our people with the representatives of other languages, on the other hand, it also studies the origin of military deeds and follows its evolutionary development. During the Second World War there has been made many inventions regarding the military techniques used in the battles, which was the common property of all nations being in the structure of former Soviet Union. Most party of concepts and terms in this field has been acquired from Russian language (“Katyusha”, “tank”) or has been adopted and observed into Uzbek language grammar. As a result a lot of international words appeared in the language. In other words, participation of Uzbek people in the Second World War was in the form of separate structures and general call at the initial stage, but later impacted to the general stream in a certain degree. Thus, national identity of military affairs began to disappear gradually. It is worth to state that the military topics provides with such huge language materials on army, military operations, military weapons, etc. Undoubtedly, the military lexis remains its marks for each period. At this point Mirtov states:“In the process of continuous speech practice of people the language enhances its norms, develops more specific means of the expression. Moreover, one shouldn’t forget about separate social tewsions being reflected in the language because the tendencies P a g e |2071 Copyright © 2019Authors History Research Journal ISSN:0976-5425 Vol-5-Issue-6-November-December-2019 of changes occurring in the speech practice emerges in this period and appears clearly before the eyes of the observer. The Second World War years are considered as one of such periods” [1. 102]. Many researchers state that terms differ from the words of general use. But, they use different approaches in differing terms in the content of the vocabulary. The functional approach to separating the term from the word, in fact, is considered as traditional approach. Views of G.O. Vinokur lies on the basis of this approach, he states that the term is not a special word but a word with special task [2. 3-54]. That’s why linguists separate the vocabulary of the language into general and special lexis and based on the artifical origin of terminology they considering it as secondary one in regard to the general lexis enter it into the special lexis. However, the opinion that these terms consist of other sounds or disobey the grammatical rules of the language doesn’t justify itself. The terminology of each field of science -is an integral part of vocabulary of the language. It doesn’t develop separatelybut enters into contact with other lexical units. Thus, in its turn, lexical-semantic processes will occur, i.e. this feature occurs retaining its peculiarities in the general vocabulary. “Studying one of the fields of terminology connected with an activity brings into effect some advantages connected with the details in studying lexical elements, it provides an opportunity to make the “deep” glance into the certain small system of vocabulary, as well as understand the internal relations comprising its lexical units as a result of increase in the number of special vocabulary” [3. 4.]. Terminology consists of terms-synonyms,polysemantic terms, separate- individual author’s terms [4. 120]. Terminology system - is a result of purposeful, obligatory fulfillment[5. 192]. Terminology gradually changes into terminology system. “Terminology system - comprises terms ordered by the registered relations among the terms” [6. 35- 40]. Y.V. Slojenikina separates terms, professionalism and jargons from among words, the circle of use of which is limited in some extent.In its turn, the military terms we are studying belong to professionalism. “Terms, words and phrases of general use are capable of expressing things- items, moreover, they can give anidea in spite of the field and communicative task they serve for” [7. 39]. When speaking about the military terms and lexis belonging to the period of the Second World War, under the military term we certainly refer to the special P a g e |2072 Co