EXPRESSING THE MEANING OF RESPECT THROUGH PHRASES AND PROVERBS

Аннотация

This article analyzes phraseological units used to express respect in the Uzbek language. It also describes how the concept of respect is reflected in folk oral creativity - proverbs, sayings, wisdom, epics and fairy tales, and the national values ​ ​ in it. The text describes in detail the importance of respect in Uzbek society, its role in family and social relations. Keywords:Respect, honor, phraseological units,oral creativity, culture, social relations. A number of verbs are used in the Uzbek language to express the actions of showing respect and honor. We can include the synonym series хорматрамок, хорматрамок, изтатрамок, sіyламок to these verbs [1;272]. At the same time, a number of phraseological expressions are used in the Uzbek language to effectively express the action of respecting and emphasizing the stated meaning. For example, the verb phrase "to raise" is formed by the combination of two words in a controlling way. This phrase is a homonym phrase and has two meanings. First, this phrase expresses the meaning of "to make a loud noise, to quarrel or talk loudly, to laugh loudly": Wow, is that so, are you raising the house on your head? Second, the phrase "to raise" carries the meaning of "to show high respect, to treat with respect": What are you sad about, and what am I sad about? I told you, my son is raising me on his head. The phrase "to raise" in this sentence means that the speaker is highly respected by his child. The presence of the aforementioned phrase indicates that the level of meaning intended by the speaker is high and thatthis situationis being emphasized. In the Uzbek language, the expression "to put a blanket on your head", which means "to respect and honor", is also widely used. In this idiom, the speaker expresses his boundless respect and admiration for the person to whom the action is directed. The expression "to put a blanket on your head", depending on the context, is used in two meanings - in a negative and positive sense. This stable combination, depending on its syntactic context, either emphasizes the negative emotional attitude of the speaker or emphasizes his positive assessment. For example: Namuncha, tilla topganmi oyog’ining tagidan, soyasiga ko’rpacha solyapti (O.Yoqubov). Siz kelasiz-u qimirlamay o’tiraveramizmi? Axir tutingan akamsiz, soyangizga ko’rpacha solsak arziydi (O.Yoqubov). In the first of the examples given, the expression "to put a blanket under thesoya" has anegative connotation and expresses the meaning of"to be too polite, to showtoo much respect to a worthless person." In the second sentence, the phrase "to put a blanket under the soya", on the contrary, has a positive connotation and expresses the meaning of "to be worthless, to be little, no matter how much respect one has." The stable combination "to put cotton under the soya", which is a relative synonym of the expression "to put a blanket under 412 INTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL FOR RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT SJIF2019:5.2222020:5.5522021:5.6372022:5.4792023:6.5632024:7,805 eISSN:2394-6334 https://www.ijmrd.in/index.php/imjrd Volume12,issue06(2025) the soya", is also currently used in oral speech. This expression has a negative connotation and is used to express the meaning of "to be too polite, to show courtesy", and sometimes "to be too polite,to flatter". These expressions arose duetothementality of theUzbek people. Because, as weknow, Uzbek, andin particular, oriental culture, moral norms require that noone, even those considered enemies, be offended as much as possible, and that they respect themselves, their opinions, and their desires. The proverbs “Mehmon atangdan ulug” (or “Mehmon atangday ulug”), “Mehmon atoyi xudo” are also clear evidence of this, that is, the guest, regardless of who he is,deserves respect and high esteem. At the same time, in some inappropriate situations, cases of unreasoned flattery are observed, in which the expressions with a negative connotation are used, such as “to put a blanket on his shadow” and “to put cotton under his feet,” which in the second case expresses a clear, obvious negative attitude. The antonym of the above expressions looks like “to put a foot on his face,” and this phraseologism means “to trample, to disrespect”. Below, we will analyze some stable combinations - phrasemes given in the phraseological dictionary ofthe Uzbeklanguage [2;379]and reinforce them with examples. Boshigako’tarmoq. Kim(o’zining) kimni yuksak darajadaizzat-hurmat qilmoq. Ulardan minnatdorman, meni “qizim-qizim” deb boshiga ko’tarishdi. Hurmatimni joyiga qo’yishdi. Jon(i)dan azizko’rmoq. Kim kimni yuksak darajada qadrlab, suyib mehr-oqibat ko’rsatmoq. Variant: Jonidan ortiq ko’rmoq. Siznijonidan azizko’rgani uchunshu ishni qildi. Otam meni jonidanortiq ko’rar edi. Jonim qoqay – Mehr bilan suyib murojaat qilishni bildiradi (Katta yoshdagi ayollar nutqida ishlatiladi, gapda undalmabo’lib keladi). Mayli, katta buvingiz, xafa bo’lmang, jonimniqoqay (M.Ismoiliy, Fa