SOME FEATURES OF GLOBALIZATION, YOUTH EDUCATION, AND THE FORMATION OF IDEOLOGICAL IMMUNITY

Аннотация

This article examines globalization, highlighting both its positiveand negative aspects. It analyzes the challenges emerging as a result of globalization and the rapid spread of processes affecting the economic, socio-political, cultural, and ecological dimensions of nations and societies. Particular attention is given to threats posed to national identity and spiritual values, including a diminishing sense of responsibility towards work and family, and the deliberate promotion of consumerist attitudes, especially among young people. Furthermore, the article addresses the growing dangers of terrorism, extremism, transnational and cybercrime, human trafficking, and drug trafficking, offering insights into possiblepreventive measures. Keywords: globalization, characteristics of globalization, positive and negative aspects of globalization, socio-political problems, youth upbringing, national values, national identity, youth problems, family problems, terrorism, extremism, human trafficking, spirituality, resilience. Globalization is a process of universalization that involves the formation of structures, connections, and relationships that are common across the entire planet in various spheres of social life. It is also characterized by the interconnectedness of global space, the emergence of a unified world economy, shared ecological interdependence, global communications, and similar phenomena. The global challenges of the modern era constitute a dynamic, unified, and open system that constantly evolves over time. New problems of universal significance may emerge within this system, while previous issues may fade away depending on how they are addressed. Aurelio Peccei, the founder and first president of the Club of Rome, highlighted this phenomenon by noting that most of the challenges facing humanity “have become tightly intertwined, like the tentacles of a giant octopus encircling the entire planet... the number of unresolved problems is increasing, they are growing more complex,theirinterconnections are becoming more entangled, and their‘grip’ onourplanet is tightening ever more.”[1] Globalization is rapidly encompassing processes related to the economic, socio-political, cultural, and ecological spheres of states and societies, imparting new characteristics and qualities to the relationships among them within the broader context of civilizational development. At the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st centuries, the intensification and deepening of integration in economic, socio-political, cultural, and international relations among all nations and peoples have gained increasing importance. This includes the emergence of conditions for the free movement of capital, goods, and labor; the accelerated dissemination of scientific and technological advancements; the convergence of national and universal values; and the evolution ofinternational and interstate relations to anew stageof development. Today, the interaction and mutual influence among countries around the world are steadily increasing, making it virtually impossible to remain outside the process of globalization. https://ijmri.de/index.php/jmsi volume 4,issue5,2025 604 However, the impact of globalization on the socio-economic life of different countries varies considerably. Its influence is shaped by the socio-economic, political, cultural, and spiritual contexts of specific nations and peoples, as well as by the functioning of their information and communication systems. It is essential to develop a deep understanding of the positive and negative effects and the underlying nature of globalization processes occurring within the global community. Studying their specific manifestations and drawing appropriate conclusions is crucial for navigating their implications effectively. In this regard, the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Shavkat Mirziyoyev, emphasized: “...Globalization offers vast opportunities for humanity; however, like a coin with two sides, it also has its negative aspects. It is evident to all of us that the world today is dominated by fierce competition and confrontation. Conflicts of interest are intensifying across the globe. Alongside unprecedented opportunities, the processes of globalization are also giving rise to unforeseen challenges. Threats and dangers to national identity and spiritual values are growing stronger. Vices such as selfishness, indifference toward life, work, and family, and a herd mentality are being subtly and skillfully instilled in people’s consciousness—especially among the youth, who are often not yet able to clearly distinguish right from wrong.” Thesewords accurately reflect thetruenature of theproblem.”[2] The positive and negative impacts of globalization on the economic, social, political, cultural, and spiritual life of countries are reflected in the words of Mahatma Gandhi, the leader of India's independence: "I cannot always firmly lock the gates and doors of my house, becaus