ISSUES OF IMPLEMENTING THE STATE'S EXPORT POLICY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP

Аннотация

This article examines the importance and important issues of the state's export policy in the development of the entrepreneurship sector. The factors of promoting exports to bring domestic producers to foreign markets, increasing their competitiveness, and strengthening the country's economy are analyzed. Existing problems and proposals for their solution are also put forward. Keywords:entrepreneurship, exportpolicy, state support, foreign market, economic reforms. In the modern economy, business entities are considered not only the main source of national income, but also a supporting factor for economic stability, employment growth and innovative activity. In particular, in countries with strong export potential of small and medium-sized businesses, economic development is consistent and rapid. Therefore, countries are directing their export policies towards the development of entrepreneurship, promoting their active integration with foreign markets. Uzbekistan has also implemented important reforms in this regard and aims to transition to an export-oriented economic model. This article analyzes the state's export policy and its role in the development ofentrepreneurship, its practical results and prospects[1]. Therefore, it is one of the urgent issues of today for the state to properly implement its export policyand create thenecessary infrastructure to bring businesses to foreign markets. In recent years, the Republic of Uzbekistan has been working in the following areas to improve itsexportpolicy: The legal and regulatory framework is being strengthened. Presidential resolutions and decrees, as well as Cabinet of Ministers resolutions regulating export activities are being adopted (for example,resolutions No.PQ-4862, PQ-4707,VMQ-709). Financial support includes loans, subsidies, and preferential tax regimes for export-oriented enterprises. Pre-export financing mechanisms are being developed. Export infrastructure is being developed. Conditions are being created for entering foreign markets through the “Single Export Window”,the “UzTrade”platform, and trade representativeoffices. A system of export insurance and guarantees has also been established. Entrepreneurs are protected from external risks, which increases theirconfidence intheir export activities[2]. It is known that the state policy is of great importance in the development of entrepreneurship in order to fully utilize the export potential. However, in practice, there are a number of systemic and practical problems in implementing this policy. They can be grouped into the following areas: limited knowledge of export markets is observed among entrepreneurs. Most small and medium-sized enterprises do not have sufficient information about foreign requirements, customs procedures, logistics areas, international trade agreements. Marketing and foreign language skills are lacking , which makes it difficult to establish direct contact with international customers. These include restrictions on the use of financial instruments, logistics and infrastructure problems, problems with product quality and standards, insufficient functioning of https://ijmri.de/index.php/jmsi volume 4,issue5,2025 544 the state support system, the problem of market diversification and competitiveness, and the limited useofdigital technologies and onlinesales. The concept and directions of export policy. Export policy is a system of legal, institutional and financial measures taken by the state to export the country's products and services to foreign markets, ensure their competitiveness, and increase export volumes. The main directions are as follows:  tax and customs exemptionsthat encourage exports;  financial support (loans, grants, insurance);  simplifying access toforeign markets;  support forexport activities through information and consulting. The state acts based on economic priorities when determining export policy. This policy is especially relevant for small and medium-sized businesses, whose products often need to enter foreign markets sothat they donotremain limited tothe local market. Entrepreneurship and export are complementary and mutually reinforcing economic activities. Entrepreneurship develops new products, services, and technologies and exports them to world markets. Exports, in turn, increase the entrepreneur's income, attract investment, and create the basis forexpanding production[3]. Therefore, small businesses havethefollowing advantages inexport activities:  thepossibilityof flexibleproduct production;  based onlocal raw materials;  relatively lowproduction costs. At the same time, these entities often need assistance in entering foreign markets, so state policy shouldbe directed specifically at them. Uzbekistan'sexport volume andsmall business share(2020–2024) Total export Number of Number of Share of small Year volume (billion exporting new export businesses(%) USD) companies markets 2020 13.0 26.1% 3200 2 2021 15.3 28.5% 3750 3 2022 17.5 3