UNEMPLOYMENT AND THE LABOR MARKET UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY

Аннотация

The article discusses the main indicators of employment in the labor market, prospects for the transformation of employment in the context of the transition to a digital economy. The main current problems in thelabor market and the factors that will lead to changes in the future are identified. It is noted that a decrease in the number of economically active populationwill entail adecrease in supply in thelabormarket. Keywords: digital economy, digitalization, labor market, employment, employment and unemployment rates, laborproductivity, information andcommunication sphere. Introduction. Once upon a time in the past, our ancestors dreamed of mechanization, automation and, of course, new technological implementations, they really wanted to improve the quality of life, as well as simplify hard work and increase wages. In the 21st century, their dream comes true and even more, scientific and technological progress is growing more and more, wecan saythat we are close to aqualitativebreakthrough. In recent years, our scientific dictionary has become richer with new international words, such as the Internet, e-government, online, know-how, information and communication technologies, computer technologies. Today, new phrases are especially important for humanity - digital television, digital library, digital economy. In general, if we say it in the most simplified way, then digitalization is the process of introducing computer technologies and the Internet into all spheres of our lives. Digitalization is moving countries in the world towards the nearest path of development. If we talk about artificial intelligence or know-how, electronic money transfers or technological innovations, this is very modern and high-quality. But there is something that worries scientists and economists. Innovations have entered our lives in a continuous stream, and these social consequences of the introduction of new technologies are sometimes severe. For example, previously, new work was found for those who lost their jobs, now the situation is much more difficult. Firstly, new technologies are being introduced simultaneously and very quickly in many areas. For example, we are surrounded by robotic cash registers in many supermarkets, in developed countries, cars with autopilots are already driving on ordinary roads. This means that very soon millions of cashiers and drivers will be left without work. Already today, accountants, lawyers, office workers are regularly fired en masse in the largest banks of developed and developing countries, since robots can easily work instead of them. Another example, former McDonald's CEO Ed Rensi said in an interview with the American Fox TV channel: it is easier for a company to buy a robot for $35,000 that will make hamburgers and French fries than to hireaperson, train him, andpay him $15an hour [1] Secondly, the problem is that the disappearance of old jobs today is not accompanied by the emergence of new ones - thousands of jobs simply disappear. Information technology is very https://ijmri.de/index.php/jmsi volume 4,issue5,2025 539 easy to scale. Unfortunately, mass unemployment is inevitable here. And it can cover the society of developed countries much earlier than skeptics currently assume. Everyone knows how quickly mobile phones spread, they then quickly acquired cameras and full access to the Internet. Experts believe that robotization will begin to destroy jobs en masse in the coming years. And also, the speed of technological change is increasing so quickly that many of us do not have time to keep up with the times. Today, smart machines compete with people, they win in the eyes of the employer. Economists are concerned: will artificial intelligence cause mass unemployment? Here it is necessary to assess the impact of the digital economy on the development of labor resources not only at the level of specific regions or countries, but in general on the international market, taking into account migration processes. But it is worth noting that artificial intelligence does not affect the level of mass unemployment, but at least in the coming years. In the table below we can see this, it is worth noting that "smart cities" are in the last rows in terms of unemployment. Table1.Unemployment ratein somecountriesof theworld № Страна % № Страна % 1. Nauru 90 16. Ukraine 9,2 2. Turkmenistan 70 17. Turkiya 8,1 3. Mozambique 60 18. Uzbekistan 8 4. Namibia 51,2 19. Finland 7,9 5. Kenya 42 20. Great Britain 7,7 6. Afghanistan 36 21. USA 7,4 7. Macedonia 28,8 22. Canada 7,2 8. Greece 27,4 23. Argentina 7,1 9. Cyprus 17,3 24. Germany 5,3 10. Egypt 13,2 25. Russia 5,2 11. Mongolia 12,2 26. China 4,1 12. Italy 12 27. Japan 3,9 13. European Union 11,1 28. South Korea 2,9 14. France 11 29. Singapore 1,9 15. SaudiArabia 10,8 30. Thailand 0,5 Scientists and skeptics, analysts talk a lot about the fact that very soon a person can be replaced by a machine, but work for a person will remain where he can work b