HYDRAULIC AND THERMAL ANALYSIS OF CLOSED HEAT SUPPLY SYSTEMS

Аннотация

This article examines the hydraulic and thermal analysis methods of closed heat supply systems. Closed systems are widely used in modern thermal infrastructure due to their energy efficiency, low heat losses, and environmental safety. The hydraulic analysis considers flow behavior of heat carriers in pipelines, pressure losses, and pump selection. Thermal analysis addresses heat transfer, temperature regimes, and heat loss evaluation. Mathematical models, differential equations, and computational algorithms are used to optimize the performance of closed systems. Studies show that such systems can achieve 10–15% energy savings and ensure stableoperation overtheirservice life. Keywords: closed heat supply system, hydraulic analysis, thermal analysis, heat carrier, pipelines, energy efficiency.