FLEXIBLE PLANNING SOLUTIONS AND TRANSFORMATION OF LIVING SPACE.

Аннотация

The article considers the importance of flexibility in the design of living spaces in the context of demographic, social and economic changes. The aim of the study is to identify the main approaches to the formation of adaptable housing units that can respond to the changing needs of families with different compositions, lifestyles and work modes. The methodological basis is the analysis of realized projects in Europe and Asia, as well as a comparative analysis of housing typologies. The article formulates recommendations for the design of transformable residential layouts. Keywords: flexible layout; adaptive housing; modular architecture; transformable spaces; individualization of housing; sustainable design;Van B; Sharifi-ha House; Flex Block; social adaptation ofspace. 1.Introduction In the 21st century, the housing needs of the population are undergoing significant changes. The spread of remote work, the growth of single and small households, and the need to care for elderly family members require more flexible architectural solutions. However, mass construction is still focused on outdated typical layouts. There is a need to develop spatially transformed, adaptable housing thatcan scale depending onthesituation. 2.Materials and methods Thefollowing methods were used for theanalysis: Comparativereview ofimplemented projects in Iran, theNetherlands, and Germany; studyof typological solutions of flexibleresidential cells (open plan, mobilepartitions, "housing- constructor"); assessment oftheimpact of flexibleplanning onsocial and behavioral aspects of users' lives. The main source of information is publications in scientific journals on architecture and urban planning, project reports, andinterviews witharchitects. 1. Sharifi-ha House (Tehran, Iran). Designed by Alireza Taghaboni (Next Office), the house has https://ijmri.de/index.php/jmsi volume 4,issue5,2025 404 three rotating "boxes" that can rotate 90° and protrude, creating open terraces. This allows you to adapt thespace to theseason, lighting, and the mood oftheresidents. Fig.1. Facade and concept of theSharifi-ha House[1]. Advantages: high aesthetics, transformation of layout, bright architectural image, focus on local cultural features. 2. Flex Block (Netherlands). This is MVRDV's flexible housing concept in collaboration with Boom - a modular wooden block system that can be easily combined and adapted to various contexts. The project is focused on affordable, sustainable, and diverse housing with the ability toindividualizefacades, layouts, and include green spaces. Advantages: rich modularity and variability of design, environmentally friendly materials, aesthetically expressive facade with a variety of forms and textures. 3.Fig.2. Facade and variants of residential buildings adapted to various contexts Flex Block (Netherlands)[2]. 4. Van B (Germany). UNStudio and Bauwerk created a new "analog smart" concept of urban life for Van B residences in Munich, Germany. A completely new form of housing redefines the future of urban life, satisfying changing demographics and numerous family constellations. Thanks to the adjustable partitions and the connectable furniture system, the design allows foreasy configuration changes. "Quality meters per square meter."[3] Advantages: high degree of adaptability, the concept of flexibility is implemented through a modular approach, each element can work in different configurations, and the resident can choosean individual planconfiguration based onacatalog ofnineelements. https://ijmri.de/index.php/jmsi volume 4,issue5,2025 405 Fig.1. Viewframe and transformed interior oftheVan Bresidence (Germany) [3]. Modern housing is increasingly being designed not as a static structure, but as an intellectually adaptable environment capable of reflecting changes in lifestyle, technology, and space perception. This involves not only the technical integration of "smart" systems, but also the reinterpretation of the architectural paradigm itself. As Ben van Berkel, founder of the UNStudio architecturebureau, emphasizes: "What makes Van B truly special and unique is that it offers a completely new form of "smart" life. This is not reasonable in the usual sense of technical integration; instead, it involves reinterpreting ideas from the digital world to improve the analog, physical spaces in which we live"[3]. This approach actualizes the role of the architect as a mediator between digital transformation andthehumanisticessence ofthe residential environment. Comparing such projects with the architectural and cultural context of Uzbekistan allows us to determine how visual expressiveness, modularity, and adaptability can enrich the practice of low-riseresidential construction whilepreserving its traditional features. Including these examples in the research allows us to demonstrate current architectural trends in modular housing, emphasizing the pursuit of balance between aesthetics, functionality, and flexibilityin spatial organ