PHYSICOCHEMICAL STUDIES OF NPK FERTILIZERS OBTAINED FROM THE DECOMPOSITION OF PHOSPHORITES IN NITRIC ACID IN THE PRESENCE OF POTASSIUM CHLORIDE

Аннотация

This scientific article discusses the decomposition of phosphorites in nitric acid in the presence of potassium chloride and physicochemical studies of NPK fertilizers obtained from them. Keywords: phosphorite, key chloride, chemical fertilizers, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, fruit tree, yield. It has always been the concept of many farmers: the more chemical fertilizers are applied, the faster the crop will grow and the better the yield. In fact, this is not the case, and sometimes it is ineffective. Excessive use of chemical fertilizers can also cause a lot of harm. Today, let's analyze in detail the effects of large amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers andwhat the harm ofexcessiveamounts is. The plant lacks nitrogen and is green and light in color, and theold leaves at the base turn yellow and turn brown after drying! If the fruit is small and the skin is hard, the fruit tree should not havenitrogen! It can produce chlorophyll and nucleotides! Nitrogen fertilizer is the most necessary type of chemical fertilizer in agricultural production. It plays an important role in increasing crop yield and improving the quality of agricultural products. It is a component of amino acids, protein in plants, and chlorophyll, which plays a crucial role in plant photosynthesis. Nitrogen can also help crops grow. The application of nitrogen fertilizer can not only increase the yield of agricultural products, but also improve the qualityof agricultural products. Phosphorus deficiency in crops is very problematic, dark green plants are not attractive, and red and purple colors will also appear. After drying, the color is green and dark, and the root nodes https://ijmri.de/index.php/jmsi volume 4,issue5,2025 7 are also thin and short! The color of the main leaves turns yellow, the flowering time is a few days later, and theseed settingis smallerand less! Phosphorus can not only increase crop yield, but also improve crop quality. It can accelerate the growth of grain crops, increase thesize and fullness of grains, promote the flowering and fruiting of vegetables, fruits, cotton and other fruit trees, and increase the fruiting rate; increase the sugar content offruits, sugarcane, etc., andincreasetheoil content of rapeseed. Phosphorus is an important component of plant cell nuclei. It plays an important role in cell division and the differentiation and development of plant organs and tissues, especially in flowering and fruiting. It is an indispensable element for physiological metabolism in plants. Phosphorus in plants is mainly accumulated in plant seeds, and more phosphorus is stored in seeds, which is beneficial to the healthy growth of seedlings in the early stage. Phosphorus also has a good effect on improving the endurance, cold resistance and drought resistance of plants. Phosphorus also promotes the development of roots, especially the development of lateral roots andfineroots. It is necessary to compensate for the deficiency of potassium in crops. The edges of the leaves turn yellow first, the edges of the leaves are severely scorched, the veins of the two-stage veins become chlorotic, and the transport of nutrients cannot continue. Organic compounds are not involved, theionic form in the cell fluid, the activator of many enzymes, the metabolic process is strong! The results of chemical analysis of the decomposition products of high-carbonate Kyzylkum phosphorites at various concentrations of nitric acid (50-120%) showed that the content of soluble forms of P O is in the range of 6.1-7.7%. In the indicated concentrations of nitric acid, 2 5 in our opinion, the salts Сa(NO ) ·4H O, СаНРО ·2Н О, Са(Н РО ) are formed. In addition, in 3 2 2 4 2 2 4 2 an acidic environment, phosphorites are partially activated, and some do not decompose at all. Activated phosphorites are soluble in a 0.2 molar solution of Trilon B and a 2% solution of citric acid. We conducted X-ray and thermal analyses to determine the salt composition of NPK FERTILIZERS produced by the decomposition of Central Kyzylkum phosphorites with nitric acid (HNO concentration -75 and 100%, P O :K O =1:1)in thepresence ofpotassiumchloride. 3 2 5 2 X-ray analysis of complex fertilizers was carried out ona DRON-0.5 diffractometer with filtered, similarradiation, under conditions ofvoltage 25kV, current 8 mA, and counter speed 2deg./min. [1]. X-ray diffraction patterns of the samples are shown in Fig. 1. Identification of diffraction lines was carried out by comparing the peak spacing values of the fertilizer samples and the expected salts. The diffraction lines 5.20; 2.79; 2.45-2.46; 2.03A° belong to calcium nitrate tetrahydrate. The spacing between the peaks 4.23-4.24; 2.62-2.63 A° characterize calcium dihydrate hydroorthophosphate in the fertilizer. 3.69-3.70; Diffraction peaks at 2.95 A° prove the presence of calcium hydrate dihydroorthophosphate. 2.71; 1.837 A° distance between the diffraction peaks for fluorocarbonapatite, 2.22; 3.14 A°