PRINCIPLES OF ATTRACTING FOREIGN INVESTMENT IN REGIONS

Аннотация

The article analyzes the principles of attracting foreign investment in the region. Proposals are developed for the implementation of a number of target tasks for the transition to a "green" economy set out in the Uzbekistan-2030 strategy, and information is provided on investment criteria indicators. The article also discusses the importance of a favorable investment climate and investment activity in ensuring sustainable economic growth, creating jobs and increasing population incomes in the world, and you can also get information about research conducted in this area. There are also extensive works on the priority importance of attracting investment. Keywords: Region, investment, green economy, strategy, infrastructure, national economy, The intensification of global competition in the world economy, the expansion of the financial and economic restrictions regime, the disruption of the value chain and the international transport and logistics system create the need to implement an investment policy aimed at actively attracting foreign direct investment, increasing the attractiveness of the investment environment and ensuring the competitiveness of economic sectors. According to the World Bank[1], “in 1991-2022, the investment rate in the economy was 29.4 percent in middle-income countries, 23.9 percent in Выпуск журнала №-23 Часть–3_ Апрель –2025 384 MODERN EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT Uzbekistan, 25.4 percent in Kazakhstan, 25.6 percent in Turkey, 28.3 percent in Malaysia, 29.3 percent in Singapore, 33.1 percent in the Republic of Korea, 32.3 percent in India, and 41.4 percent in China.” Achieving high investment activity and expanding the attraction of foreign direct investment in developing countries is considered an urgent problem in ensuring sustainable economic growth, modernizing the economy and developing integration into the international division of labor through attracting foreign investment, implementing structural changes, and creating new jobs. Priority attention is being paid to research and development work aimed at ensuring sustainable economic growth in the world, creating jobs and increasing the income of the population, the importance of a favorable investment environment and investment activity, diversifying sources of financing for investments in fixed capital and increasing the efficiency of investment use, assessing the determinants of attracting foreign direct investment, investment attraction mechanisms, and assessing the effectiveness of fiscal and financial incentive instruments. These studies pay special attention to such important issues as improving the legal and institutional framework for attracting foreign direct investment in developing countries in the context of the transition to a "green" economy, defining the criteria for classifying "green" projects and financing them, models for attracting investments in infrastructure projects and assessing their effectiveness, and ensuring the participation of foreign direct investment in financing public-private partnership projects. Extensive research is being conducted on the scientific-theoretical, organizational-economic, socio-political, and natural-economic foundations of improving the investment climate and attracting foreign direct investment in the world, including an assessment of factors influencing the formation of investment attractiveness and the business environment (World Bank Institute, Washington); research on the correlation-regression relationship between the investment rate, economic growth, and other important economic indicators based on econometric models (International Monetary Fund, IMF), the investment climate and attracting foreign direct investment in countries with transition economies (European Bank for Выпуск журнала №-23 Часть–3_ Апрель –2025 385 MODERN EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT Reconstruction and Development, London), determinants of foreign direct investment (National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge), and the specific characteristics of foreign investment directed at infrastructure projects (Asian Development Bank Institute, Tokyo). Priority is given to further increasing the investment attractiveness of the Uzbek economy, achieving sustainable growth in the volume of investments directed to fixed capital, ensuring the effectiveness of investment projects related to the transition to a "green" economy, and improving the economic mechanism for attracting foreign direct investment. In accordance with the "Uzbekistan-2030" strategy[2], priority tasks have been set to "absorb $250 billion in investments in our country, including $110 billion in foreign investments and $30 billion in investments within the framework of public-private partnerships." The implementation of these tasks determines the need to continue institutional reforms in the economy, widely introduce public-private partnerships and "green" economy projects, and develop proposals and recommendations on improving the economic mec