SCIENTIFIC METHODS OF PRE-SCHOOL PEDAGOGICS: THE SYSTEM OF PRESCHOOL ORGANIZATION IN UZBEKISTAN

Аннотация

The author of the article attempts to analyze the current pre-school education system of Uzbekistan, its main challenges, shortcomings and reforms. Moreover, this research will provide the study of the importance of learning at early ages (3-5) and its impact on the future learning and personal development of children. The research highlights the analysis of domestic and foreign prospects of the studied issue. Namely, the researcher presents the view that developed countries pay more and more attention to boost the quality of pre-school educational institutions, the efficiency of curriculum, and implementation of more social activities to enhance the development of children’s soft skills; however, this is not the case in developing countries such as Uzbekistan. Thus, the goal of the paper would be to elaborate on the need to consider, remodel and upgrade the pre-school education system further and trigger to start some campaigns which will aim to develop young mother’s personal and professional development. The study will highlight the impact of pre-school education by evaluating the literature in the field, looking deeper at the experience of developed countries as well as considering the situation in Uzbekistan regarding the mentioned area. The findings of the paper can be deployed to prepare educational policy and contribute to the development of the entire education system of Uzbekistan. Keywords: pre-school education, early childhood education, ECE, child’s development, Uzbekistan. Выпуск журнала №-24 Часть–4_ Апрель –2025 257 MODERN EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT The current researches on children’s learning and their future performances as students at higher levels of educational institutions demonstrate the significance of pre- school education. The studies held in the US and Europe show that children who practiced some learning process before going to school perform better than others at primary, secondary schools, and even at universities. Thus, the young generation should be on focus since early ages of development by their families and government in order to ensure a bright future for them. In history, when prominent scientists such as Al-Khwarizmi, Alfraganus, Farobiy, Beruni, Avicenna, Navoi, Bobur, Mirzo Ulugbek, and others from Central Asia contributed to the world heritage in such areas as Math, Geography, Astronomy, Medicine, Music, Linguistics, Philosophy, Ethics, History and others, it was obligatory to start learning at early ages. Therefore, our ancestors appreciated learning at early ages and the performance was outstanding. Nowadays the government of Uzbekistan is trying to raise the level of literacy and overall quality of education within the country. New high schools and universities, especially those which were created in co-operation with foreign countries seem to be in great demand. However, due to the fact that not enough interest, attention, and importance was made for about 25 years into the pre-school educational institutions, children on the following levels of education seem to be struggling and the academic performance of pupils is not satisfactory today. Besides, it should be highlighted that even though Uzbekistan is the most populated country in Central Asia and the second populated one in post-Soviet Union countries after Ukraine, the number of kindergartens is insufficient. Moreover, the educational program at pre-school educational institutions are quite outdated and need to be reconsidered by the government. This article is intended to bring benefit in terms of recognizing the importance of early childhood education and understanding the value of investing in pre-school education in developing countries, particularly in Uzbekistan. The research conducted in the field of neuroscience and brain development at Harvard University showed that it is crucial to invest in the early childhood Выпуск журнала №-24 Часть–4_ Апрель –2025 258 MODERN EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT development in order to maintain prosperous society. Starting from birth to five years are the most productive for developing cognitive skills and acquiring knowledge. The stronger the emotional, physical, social skills with cognitive-linguistic ability at early ages, the more successful the child becomes later at school and even in the workplace. [1] Until the 1980s stimulating young children’s development was not very popular even in the curriculum of developed countries. Preschools in most communities served as a child caring institutions. However, for the last decades the importance of early childhood learning and socialization is becoming more actual and this phenomena has gained more interest especially in European countries, such as Finland, Sweden, Norway, UK, Belgium, Denmark, France, Netherlands and others. These countries prioritize early childhood development and keep long-term investments. [2] Earlier studies accomplished in 1964 by Hunt, Deutsch explained that children at the first years of life ha