TYPES OF ASSESSMENT IN TEACHING ENGLISH

Аннотация

Оценки играют решающую роль в образовании, помогая оценить уровень успеваемости учащихся, обеспечить обратную связь и направлять процесс обучения. Существуют различные типы оценок, которые преподаватели используют для оценки успеваемости учащихся и определения уровня их понимания. В этой статье мы рассмотрим различные типы оценок, включая формирующие оценки, итоговые оценки, диагностические оценки, и обсудим важность оценок.. Ключевые слова: виды оценивания, формирующее оценивание, итоговое оценивание, диагностическое оценивание Annotation: Assessments play a crucial role in education, helping to measure student learning, provide feedback, and guide instruction. There are various types of assessments that educators use to assess student progress and determine their level of understanding. In this article, we will explore different types of assessments, Выпуск журнала №-28 Часть–4_Июнь –2025 346 MODERN EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT including formative assessments, summative assessments, diagnostic assessments, and discuss the importance of assessments. Key words: types of assessment, formative assessment, summative assessment, diagnostic assessment What is assessment? “Assessment is the process of evaluating or measuring the quality, quantity, or extent of something. In educational contexts, assessment refers to the evaluation of student learning outcomes, skills, or knowledge” Origins and Importance of Assessment for Learning The term “Assessment for Learning” was introduced in 1994 by Caroline Gipps and built on concepts developed by Michael Scriven in 1967. The idea distinguishes between summative assessments (used to measure learning) and formative assessments (used to improve learning). A landmark study in 1998 by Paul Black and Dylan Wiliam, titled Inside the Black Box, showed that formative approaches lead to significantly better academic outcomes. John Hattie’s research in 2011 further emphasized the value of feedback, ranking it among the most effective strategies for improving learning. What is formative assessment? Formative assessment is the process of monitoring and assessing students’ learning and understanding in order to adapt your teaching methods to better address students’ learning needs. The result of this continual formative feedback is that both teacher and student know the areas of greatest strength and the areas for improvement. Formative assessment is by its nature a low stakes form of assessment. One way to view formative assessment is that it is a way for students to provide feedback to their teacher about whether they are on track to achieve the learning outcomes for the lesson. Although the feedback is provided by students, it is the responsibility of the teacher to ensure that students are given access to formative assessment Выпуск журнала №-28 Часть–4_Июнь –2025 347 MODERN EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT opportunities that provide the teacher with accurate and ongoing feedback. The feedback must then also be used carefully to inform the teacher’s next steps. Formative assessment is often, but not always relatively quick and in the moment e.g. asking children to hold up small whiteboards to assess their understanding of a concept; it can also be much more extensive such as a diagnostic assessment. Some people will use the term formative assessment as synonymous with assessment for learning or assessment as learning because it utilizes assessment to ultimately help the learning process. The benefits of formative assessment include: Encourages a culture of reflection and adaptation in students, empowering them to reflect on and adapt their own learning. Facilitates teachers in evaluating and refining their teaching strategies based on formative assessment insights. Promotes self-evaluation, student self-assessment, and metacognition, enabling students to effectively plan, monitor, and evaluate their learning progress, hopefully raising student motivation. Strengthens student understanding of goals and success criteria, for example through peer assessment and self assessment. Improves students’ academic performance by providing teachers with valuable feedback on student understanding. Enables teachers to implement tier 1 interventions or tier 2 interventions for specific students as necessary, ensuring personalized instruction and enhanced learning outcomes. How formative assessment raises student achievement 1. Formative assessment raises student achievement by allowing more targeted teaching By analysing the results of carefully planned formative assessment, teachers can develop an accurate picture of their student’s current understanding of a given topic. Using this in depth information to inform teaching and the next steps in the Выпуск журнала №-28 Часть–4_Июнь –2025 348 MODERN EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT lesson and future lesson planning can allow gaps in understanding to be closed and improve student progress 2. Formative assessment can raise student achievement by improving their self