THE LINGUISTOCULTURAL CODES IN UZBEK FOLK RULES

Аннотация

This article analyzes the features of the expression of linguocultural codes in Uzbek folk riddles. Riddles are a unique reflection of the historical and cultural worldview, traditions, values, and way of thinking of the people. The article reveals ideas related to the national mentality, folk worldview, and social life through linguistic units. Also, linguocultural codes in the consciousness of the people are analyzed through symbols, metaphors, and symbols hidden in riddles. Keywords: Uzbek folk riddles, linguocultural code, national mentality, symbols, metaphor, folk oral creativity, folk thinking, language and culture, symbolic expression. Todays globalization process, science and technology are developing rapidly, and electronic management systems are being introduced in all fields. Distance learning is also widely used in the educational process through modern information and communication technologies. In this process, knowledge of technology and its language is becoming increasingly important as a requirement of the time. Terms such as "code", "coding", "coding" are actively used in each field. The term code has different meanings depending on the field. For example, it refers to codes used for the security of computers and phones, and in linguistic and cultural processes it refers to cultural meanings and concepts. The concept of code is studied in literary studies as artistic-aesthetic and mythological codes. Mythological codes reflect the historical traces of human thought and imagination and are manifested in literature through artistic images, plots and motifs. The mythologema is the main image of a myth, and the archetype is a set of stable symbols that are formed in the human mind and repeated in culture. Therefore, cultural codes express the historical and cultural experience of human thought. Ideas related to the concept of code were studied by such world linguists as Roland Barthes, V.N. Teliya, D.B. Gudkov, M.L. Kovshova, B.I. Kononenko, V.V. Krasnikh, B.A. Maslova, S. Polvanova, while in Uzbek linguistics the scientific research of N. Mahmudov, D. Khudaiberganova, Y. Odilov, D. Bahronova, F. Usmonov, Z. Mukimova opened a wide path for research on this topic. In research, the concept of cultural code is defined as “All material and spiritual cultural units in existence, including artifacts (products of human 172 ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE International scientific-online conference creative activity) that reflect the mentality of a particular individual or nation”1, “a conventional symbol that preserves cultural and extralinguistic phenomena (general ideas, values, and beliefs of a culture), as well as reveals linguistic, cultural, spiritual, religious, and other diverse views of the world”2, “It is emphasized that "a cultural code is a set of basic concepts, values, and norms that reflect the priorities of a culture." Z. Muqimova believes: “this or that language is the macrocode of a certain culture, and the units that enrich it are the microcodes of that culture. From this point of view, the Uzbek language is the cultural macrocode of the Uzbek people. Because the Uzbek language is a collection of Uzbek-specific thinking and imagination of the Uzbek nation. The spirit of the people is realized in its language, it belongs only to it and is understandable only to it.” D. Khudoyberganova's definition of riddles, which are examples of folk oral creativity that reflect the worldview, mind, and thinking of the people, for the first time from a linguistic and cultural point of view, is "a genre in poetic or prose form that reflects the national-figurative way of thinking and axiological attitude of the language owners, most often formed by means of linguistic and cultural codes, embodied by likening, comparing, and comparing the thing or phenomenon that is required to be found to another thing or phenomenon; a small part of the linguistic landscape of the world," which served as a profound foundation for our current research. Linguocultural code is a reflection of human thinking and cultural experience in language. In riddles, objects and phenomena in real life are expressed through symbols, analogies, comparisons or metaphors. Each riddle is, in fact, a vivid example of reinterpreting reality in folk thinking through various linguocultural codes. According to researchers, the main linguocultural codes found in riddles are as follows: 1. Linguocultural code with an anthropomorphic basis. In this type of code, objects and phenomena are compared with human movements, appearance, behavior or states. Through this method, humanity understood existence based on its own comparison. 2. Linguocultural code with a zoomorphic basis. In zoomorphic codes, objects are compared with animals or their behavior. This code reflects the harmony between man and nature. 1 Xudoyberganova D. Zamonaviy tilshunoslik terminlarining izohli lug‘ati. – Toshkent: Bookmany print, 2024. – B.13. 2 Xudoyberganova D. Ko‘