COMBINED ANTISEPTIC AND ANTIOXIDANT THERAPY FOR ORAL MUCOSAL INFLAMMATION IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE PATIENTS: A BIOCHEMICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE

Аннотация

Inflammatory diseases of the oral mucosa are common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), often exacerbated by systemic oxidative stress and impaired immune regulation. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a combined therapeutic approach incorporating antiseptic therapy and antioxidant modulation through laser blood irradiation. One hundred CKD patients with oral mucosal inflammation were divided into two groups: the control group received standard symptomatic and antiseptic treatment, while the main group received additional low-level laser blood irradiation and an immunomodulatory antiseptic agent. Biochemical markers, including lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH), catalase activity, and interleukins (IL- 1β, IL-2, IL-6), were assessed before and after treatment. The main group showed significant improvements in oxidative stress and cytokine profiles, confirming the superiority of the integrated treatment. Keywords: chronic kidney disease, oral mucosa inflammation, oxidative stress, catalase, lipid hydroperoxides, interleukins, laser blood irradiation, antiseptic therapy Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a systemic condition known to affect multiple organ systems, including the oral cavity. Patients with CKD are particularly susceptible to inflammatory conditions of the oral mucosa, such as desquamative gingivitis, glossitis, and candidiasis. These manifestations often result from a combination of xerostomia, altered mineral metabolism, and a compromised immune system. The imbalance between oxidative and antioxidative mechanisms plays a central role in the pathogenesis of these oral lesions. Elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation products like lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH) contribute to tissue damage, inflammation, and impaired healing. Recent therapeutic strategies have emphasized the importance of targeting oxidative stress and modulating inflammatory mediators to enhance clinical outcomes. In this context, low-level laser blood irradiation (LLLI) has emerged as a promising technique due to its potential to stabilize cellular membranes, improve microcirculation, and normalize redox balance. When combined with 154 ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE International scientific-online conference locally applied antiseptic agents possessing immunomodulatory properties, this approach may offer synergistic benefits. This study aims to assess the biochemical and immunological outcomes of a combined therapy approach for treating oral mucosal inflammation in CKD patients.