ISSUES OF GOVERNANCE AND LEADERSHIP ETHICS IN SAHIBKIRAN AMIR TEMUR'S "TEMUR'S CUSTOMS"

Аннотация

The article discusses that after our country gained independence, the attitude towards great historical figures has fundamentally changed and objective views on the life and activities of the great Amir Temur have been formed, Amir Temur is presented not only a great commander, but also aleader, a guide, ,a possessor of uniquequalities, intelligence, knowledge, wisdom, and and some views and information are provided regarding his governance of a vast statebased onjustice, impartiality, tolerance, morality, and ethics. Keywords:Uzbekistan, independence, history, politics, governance, history of governance, leader, political governance, just society, leader's role, leader's responsibility, leader's behavior, leader's skill, leader's ethics. After the Republic of Uzbekistan gained independence, fundamental changes were implemented in all spheres of state and public life, national and spiritual values and traditions were revived, the study and research of Uzbek statehood and the activities of historical figures were elevated to the level of state policy. In his Address to the Oliy Majlis on December 28, 2018, the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev emphasized that "We must pay special attention to instilling in the minds of young people the invaluable heritage of our great scholars and writers, our dear saints, the courage of our invincible commanders and figures, and strengthening their feelings of national pride and honor"[1]. If our people, especially the youth - the future of our nation, by studying the history of their great ancestors more deeply, compare it with the past, and learn from their life and work, feelings of national pride and honor will further develop feelings of national pride and honor in their hearts, and theirattitudeand lovefor theirpeople and homeland will grow evenstronger. Throughout the history of our people, numerous great scientists, poets and writers, statesmen, one ofthem was Sahibkiran AmirTemur, and thestudy of hisactivities and practical experience in state governance, as well as his qualities as a leader, has important socio-political, spiritual,and practical significance. As is known, we are well aware of the biased and incorrect approach to the personality of Amir Timur during the Soviet era, therefore, in this article, we present some information about his being a great personality and statesman, his socio-political views on the life of the state and society, and his reforms in the development of the country and state governance. In this regard, the President's words "Why don't we study the history of our great ancestors well? For many page941 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue06,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai years, they instilled others’ history and others’ victories into our minds through a "hurrah- hurrah,"[2] gave instructions to the officials - we must first of all study the history of our ancestors." In the state of Amir Temur, unlike in other eras, the rights and interests of all segments of the population were taken into account, and the necessary social foundations for their life were created. The rights, duties, and obligations of each category, whether a scientist, an artist, or a poet, are guaranteed by a specific law. They were financially incentivized from the royal treasury. The French scholar Lenglet also says the following about Amir Temur's respectful attitude towards scholars and craftsmen: "Timur was a great admirer of scholars. He trusted people who recognized his knowledge and sincerity. He often descended from his throne to converse with historians, philosophers, and all those who were talented in science, administration, and other matters. Because Timur focused his main attention on caring for these areas."[3] "Every timeI read "Temur's Code," Ifeel as ifI have found somekind ofspiritual strength. In my professional life, I have repeatedly referred this book and become convinced of how vital importance of the wise thoughts contained in it, which will never become outdated and will continue to nourish human spirituality today. For example, the words "Experience shows that one determined, enterprising, vigilant, brave, and courageous person is hidden from a thousand inactive, indifferent people" are still ofvitalspiritual significance to all of us[4]. Ourpeople demand acomprehensive comprehensively study thehistorical figures who left a deep mark in the history of our people, Uzbek statehood, and the work they carried out during theirlife, activity, creativity, or leadership based on the needs of today.Studying the experience of Sahibkiran Amir Temur in state administration, work with leaders and officials, is also of practical importance in the formation of the potential and spirituality of today's leaders, because "this classic figure, a symbol ofunparalleled courage, bravery, and wisdom, built a