THE GENRE DOMAIN OF TOURISM DISCOURSE

Аннотация

Withinthe framework of this study, the genre of tourism discourse is explored as one of the rapidly developing directions in contemporary linguistics. The research reveals the vast expressive and communicative potential embedded in speech acts related to tourism. The discussionis enriched with reflections onthescope and structure ofthegenre field. Keywords: Genre field of tourism, syntactic structure of speech genres, differentiation and classification of speech genres, institutional genres, personal genres. Introduction.Today, as linguistic scholars show growing interest in the study of texts, genres are increasingly being examined as independent categories of speech. This rising attention brings to the forefront the question of genre characteristics that define the distinctive forms of texts based on their communicative purpose. Linguists emphasize that genres serve as the fundamental basis for classifying texts intocommunicative formation classes. From a linguistic perspective, a speech genre is considered “a component of a classificatory structure,” wherein the genre is distinguished based on certain defining features—most often, the communicative goal—and is assessed as a monologic structure. A speech genre, therefore, represents a specific model of utterance [15.485]. As noted by M. Y. Fedosyuk: “A speech genre is a phenomenon of speech activity, a model of consciousness. Genre studies, from the viewpoint of syntactic organization of speech, reflect a complex systemic-structural phenomenon—an aggregate of numerous speech acts, selected and unified based on a defined communicative goal, indirectly connected to reality not in isolation, but through the mediation ofspeech genres”.[3.121] The study of genre-related issues finds its foundation in the seminal work of renowned cultural theorist and philologist M. M. Bakhtin. His essay "The Problem of Speech Genres", [2.159] published in 1979, has since been recognized by the academic linguistic community as a classical scholarly text andcontinues to shape modern genre theory and genre linguistics. Speech genres are multifaceted constructs that encompass the comprehensive characterization of distinct spoken forms. The oral manifestations of speech genres, along with their structural compositionand classification, lieat theheart ofthis inquiry. Mikhail Bakhtin emphasizes that in every utterance, three components—namely, thematic content, style, and compositional structure—must be interconnected to form an integral whole. While each utterance is, without doubt, individual in nature, every functional sphere of language usage gives rise to relatively stable types of utterances, which are commonly referred to as “speech genres”[2.236]. This leads to the conclusion that speech genres are characterized byacertain degreeof conventionalizationand recurrence. Materials and Methods. The syntax of speech genres has been substantively and extensively explored in linguistics. The linguistic study of speech genres, or generistics, relies on a well- formed methodology and employs theoretical terminology drawn from speech act theory. According to linguist G. A. Zolotova, “The theory of speech genres reveals its specific page937 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue06,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai characteristics within the semiotic paradigm of ‘semantics – syntaseme – pragmatics.”[4.440]. The term syntaseme, widely used in Zolotova’s work, is defined as “The minimal semantic- syntactic unit of the Russian language, which functions as the bearer of elementary meaning while simultaneously serving as a constructive component in more complex syntactic structures”[4.440]. In her dissertation, S. D. Nurmonova emphasizes the use of the term as a component of the semantic structure of speech. In the given example, each word possesses its own semantics. These words, being grammatically and semantically interconnected, form a syntaseme. “Within this unity, the words convey not only their inherent semantics but also express pragmatic meaning. For instance, in the sentence involving ‘birida’ (‘in one of them’), this element implies the frequent recurrence of such recollections. In another sentence, where Anvar is mentioned, the target of the curse is understood through the conveyed pragmatic meaning”[11.12-13]. Thus, the linguisticaspects of speech genres are explored by generistics.If thespeech genre is a model ofconsciousness, then generistics, from theperspective ofspeech genre syntax, reflects a model of a complex aggregate of speech acts selected and unified based on a specific communicativegoal. Results and Discussion.Pragmatics is intrinsically linked to philosophy and logical semantics. It comprises various branches, all of which share a central idea: linguistic research must account for the human factor. One such branch, emerging from pragmatics, is t