ARTISTIC FEATURES OF MUSLIM MINIATURE PAINTING AND EASTERN CLASSICAL LITERATURE

Аннотация

В данной статье рассматривается значимость и роль средневековой миниатюрной живописи и классической литературы мусульманского Востока в контексте глобальной художественной культуры. Анализируется важность миниатюрной живописи Ближнего и Среднего Востока, а также Центральной Азии в сфере профессионального педагогического образования. Автор подчеркивает, что в период с 11 по 19 века в различных художественных центрах миниатюр возникли и развивались традиции по всему обширному региону, охватывающему современные Иран, Ирак, Сирию, Афганистан, Азербайджан, Турцию, Узбекистан, Таджикистан, Аравийский полуостров, Северную Индию и другие страны. Это развитие сопровождалось взаимодействием и взаимным влиянием, что сформировало сходства в их художественных техниках икомпозиционных подходах. Ключевые слова:Центральноазиатская миниатюра,художественная культура,гармония, жанр, классическая литература Востока, каллиграфия, средневековый трактат, "мастер, наставник,учитель." Аннотация:Ушбу мақолада ўрта аср миниатюра расмлари ва мусулмон Шарқи классик адабиётининг глобал санъат маданияти контекстидаги аҳамияти ва роли кўриб чиқилади. Шарқий ва Ўрта Шарқ миниатюра расмларининг аҳамияти, шунингдек, Марказий Осиёдаги профессионал педагогик таълим соҳасидаги ўрни таҳлил қилинади. Муаллиф 11-19 асрларда турли санъат марказларида миниатюра анъаналарининг пайдо бўлиши ва ривожланиши билан замонавий Эрон, Ироқ, Сурия, Афғонистон, Озарбайжон, Туркия, Ўзбекистон, Тожикистон, Арабистон ярим ороли, Шимолий Ҳиндистон ва бошқа мамлакатларни қамраб олган кенг минтақада юз берганини таъкидлайди. Бу ривожланиш page873 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue06,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai ўзаро алоқа ва таъсир билан бирга келди, бу эса уларнинг санъат техникаси ва композиционёндашувларида ўхшашликларнишакллантирди. Калит сўзлар: Марказий Осиё миниатюраси, санъат маданияти, гармония, жанр, Шарқ классикадабиёти,каллиграфия,ўртааср трактати,"устоз,мураббий,ўқитувчи." Miniature painting, as a unique phenomenon in the history of world artistic culture, possesses significant potential for shaping the spiritual culture of the individual, its aesthetic education, and artistic harmony. It must be noted that this distinctive genre of Eastern painting, with its centuries-old history, is still in the stage of study from both historical and cultural, as well as art-critical perspectives. Indeed, the uniqueness of the artistic-imagery language of Eastern miniatures requires an extraordinary approach to the study of this form of visual art, which means that an unconventional approach is also necessary for addressing the issues of creating the history, theory, and methodology of this unique branch of world painting. Therefore, A.A. Khakimov's words about the manifestation of a new aesthetics, including in the sphere of culture and art, appear relevant and timely. Without researchers' knowledge of the history and theory of visual art—specifically miniatures in the countries of the Near and Middle East, and Central Asia (ancient times, early and late medieval periods, periods of cultural and artistic flourishing and decline, etc.)—it is impossible to form a complete picture of the evolution of miniature painting in the Muslim East, particularly in Central Asian countries. This fully applies to the tasks of revealing the rich traditions of the brilliant schools of painting in Herat during the 15th-16th centuries, Tabriz during the 15th-16th centuries, Bukhara and Samarkand in the 15th century, as well as the best achievements of the Mughal school of painting in Delhi and Agra during the 16th-17th centuries, among many others. It is known that miniature painting reached its peak—the Renaissance—during a time of rapid development of classical literature. Figures such as Abdurahman Jami, Alisher Navoi, and others flourished during this period from the 14th to the 17th centuries. In this context, examining recognized world centers of miniature painting, such as the Herat school, Tabriz school, and others alongside theclassical literature from these centers is justified and provides a morecompletepicture ofthis uniquephenomenon inpainting. For instance, one notable admirer of fine arts was the great humanist of the East, the founder of Uzbek language and literature, Nizamedin Mir-Alisher Navoi. In his poem "The Turmoil of the Righteous" from the cycle "Khamsa" (The Quintet), in chapter 100 titled "The Nineteenth Conversation on the Unparalleled Khorasan and the Beautiful City of Herat," Alisher Navoi describes the capital ofKhorasan, Herat, with enthusiasm.Among other things, he writes: "In the halls that captivate thegaze, Theartists adorned Herat. page874 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue06,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journa