EFFECT OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS ON CORN YIELD

Аннотация

Пщеницы оставляет много органическая масса, он вляеть на рость и развитиекукурузы.Вконечномитоге повыщаеть урожайностьзернаи силосныемассы. Annotasion:When corn is sown as repeated plant, it couses to heve abundant harvest by the help ofwheat remains it provides with high productivity ofunitizingwatered crops. Ключовые слова: кукуруза, павторные культуры, органическая масса, урожайность, рость,развитие,минеральныеудобрения Key words;corn, repeated plants, productivity, growing developing,мineral Fertilizers In our republic, irrigated lands constitutethemajority ofcultivated land. Effective useof these lands is required to meet the needs of the population, industry, and livestock for products. Therefore, in our republic, great importance is attached to planting repeated crops in areas freed from wheat. In particular, our scientists are conducting a lot of scientific work to study the agrotechnology of repeated crops. In the experiments conducted by Kh.U. Azimov [1.2], issues such as sowing dates, fertilization, and irrigation of repeatedly sown corn were studied. The main factor in growing repeated crops is a sufficiently high temperature. However, the heat requirements of corn varieties and hybrids are different: for the cultivation of early-ripening varieties and hybrids, a temperature of 1758-1830 0С, for mid-ripening varieties and hybrids - 2163-2208 0С, and for late-ripening varieties - 2657-2954 0С is required. When selecting a crop variety or hybrid for repeated sowing, the sum of the total temperatures and the duration of the first frost exposure shouldbe taken into account first. We also conducted scientific research to study the optimal rates of mineral fertilizers for repeatedly sown corn. For this, we first studied the stubble residues left by predecessor crops and the amount ofnutrients inthe soil. Although very little plant residues remain in the soil after repeated crops, page857 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue06,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai they mainly provide the next plant with the necessary nutrients, and importantly, microbiological decomposition occurs quickly in them, and in most cases, humus formation surpasses organic fertilizers (Vorobev [5]). Despite the fact that corn (Zea Mays), sown as a repeated crop, absorbs a large amount of nutrients from the soil during the growing season, the grain and green stalks of this plant are considered the most nutritious. Therefore, this crop is currently being planted on 250-300 thousand hectares in ourRepublic. Based on the above data, in the experiments, taking into account the high fertilizer requirements of maize for grain, the fertilizer rates were set at N-200, P2O5-170, K2O-100 kg/ha. A.P.Iminov [3] in the conditions of typical sierozem soils, when sowing corn as a repeated crop for grain, applying N-120, P2O5-90, K2O-60 kg/ha, obtained an average yield of 40.9c/haofgrain and313.2c/ha ofgreen mass over three years. First of all, we want to emphasize one circumstance: in our research, since repeated crops were sown after winter wheat, we determined the degree of their germination during the research years. It was established that the remnants of stubble and roots left by winter wheat did not negatively affect the germination of repeated crop seeds. Corn was sown on June 18 and 20 in accordance with the research years. In 2018, after 4 days of sowing, seed germination was 40.2%, and after 6and 8days, this indicatorwas 68.4and 96.7%(Table 1). Table1. Corn germination rate andactual plantdensity Actual plant density, thousand/ha Number ofgerminated plants,% Years At the End of beginning of validity 2.VII 4.VII 6.VII theperiod period 2018 40,2 68,4 96,7 61,2 59,1 22.VI 24.VI 26.VI 2019 39,6 65,2 95,8 63,1 60,2 24.VI 26.VI 28.VI page858 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue06,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai 2020 36,3 61,7 92,3 62,1 59,8 Similar data were obtained in the 2nd and 3rd years of the experiments, where the indicators were 39.6-36.3%; 65.2-61.7 and 95.8-92.3%. When sowing corn for grain production, the plant density at the beginning of the growing season was 61.2; 63.1 and 62.1 thousand ha-1, and at the end of the growing season these indicators were 59.1; 60.2 and 59.8 thousand/ha. It should be noted that the plant density varied by1-2 thousand/habetween variants and byrepetitions. According to the data on the growth and development of corn under the conditions of 2018, the plant height during the development period was 10.7; 80.4; 140.5 cm, at the end of the growing season 165.3 cm, the number of leaves was 3.0; 8.2; 12.1 and 15.8 pcs., and the number of cobs in the milk-wax and full ripeness periods was equal to 1.0 pcs. Under the conditions of this year, the number of grai