THEORY OF FORMATION OF STRATEGIC COMPETENCE IN COMMUNICATION ACTIVITIES

Аннотация

This article analyzes the theoretical foundations of the formation of strategic competence in communicative activity. In the processes of language learning and communication, not only grammatical or lexical knowledge is important, but also strategic competence - that is, the skills of choosing and applying the right strategies to achieve the goal of communication. The author considers the stages of formation of strategic competence, factors and methodological approaches that influence it. The role of active cooperation and dialogue between the teacher and the student in the development of this competence is also revealed. Through theoretical analysis, effective directions for the development of strategic competence have been identified. Keywords: strategic competence, communicative activity, language learning, methodology, communicative strategies, dialogue, linguodidactics. In the modern education system, the communicative approach to language teaching is taking a leading place. In this approach, it is important for the student to actively participate in dialogue, freely express his or her thoughts, and choose appropriate strategies for solving communicative tasks. From this point of view, the issue of forming strategic competence is relevant, as this competence serves to make the student independent, effective and flexible in communicating. The internal capabilities that make up communicative competence are one of the important criteria in the formation of any person as a "linguistic person". Especially in professions such as a doctor, teacher, lawyer, diplomat, these capabilities determine the professional success and social status of a person. Such competencies are manifested through the following main components: Linguistic competence is a person's ability to freely and correctly use language tools. It includes various levels of the language system, such as phonetics, orthography, orthoepy, lexis, morphology, word formation and syntax. In addition, this competence also includes knowledge of text composition, selection of stylistic means and their adaptation to the context. This knowledge creates the basis for the correct and effective organization of oral and written speech. Discursive competence is the ability to clearly and fluently formulate and express thoughts using the available language resources of a person, as well as to understand the speech of other people in the process of communication. This competence ensures active participation in such forms of communication as https://scientific-jl.com/wsrj 3 3 5 Volume-40_Issue-1_June-2025 World scientific research journal constructing a speech, asking and answering questions, expressing opinions, clarifying, and arguing based on linguistic norms. Discursive competence is the ability to ensure the continuation of a statement of thoughts in a coherent and logical manner. It includes skills such as maintaining the general direction of communication, managing thoughts in accordance with the context, and appropriately developing and ending the topic of conversation. Discursive competence is especially important in professional communication. Cultural competence means understanding and adhering to the cultural values, linguistic and cultural etiquette, speech culture, religious and gender factors of the society in which communication is conducted through language, as well as speech norms in the framework of international relations. In interpersonal communication, cultural competence ensures respect, courtesy and balance between communication participants. Rhetorical competence is the ability to express ideas in an effective, aesthetic and logical way, to perfectly structure the text in terms of content and form, and to present it in accordance with speech genres. A person with rhetorical competence effectively conveys his or her words to the audience using speech models, inspires confidence and is able to use the art of oratory. It should be noted that no matter how much language is considered a general social phenomenon, how it is used in each speech situation is closely related to the individual's individual talents, experience, cultural level and social activity. That is, language knowledge and skills determine not only the level of knowledge of a person, but also how he or she enters into social relationships and communicates with others. Strategic competence is the ability of a student to choose different strategic approaches to achieve goals in the communication process, solve communication problems, express ideas flexibly, and continue communication. The main components of strategic competence: • Planning: Determining in advance how to start and in what direction to conduct a conversation. • Monitoring: Monitoring one's own speech during a conversation, identifying errors. • Adaptability: Reorienting the conversation in response to a conflicting idea or situation. • Reframing: If necessary, repeating the idea in a different form. In modern language