THE MOST COMMON INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN THE NEONATAL PERIOD: CLINICAL FEATURES, DIAGNOSIS, AND PREVENTION

Аннотация

Neonatal infections are among the leading causes of mortality in the first 28 days of life, especially in developing countries. The immaturity of the neonatal immune system and exposure to environmental and maternal pathogens increase susceptibility to infection. This article provides a structured overview of the mostcommon infectious diseases encountered in the neonatal period, including sepsis, pneumonia, meningitis, conjunctivitis, umbilical infections, and congenital (TORCH) infections. We review the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic approaches, treatment strategies, and preventive measures. Emphasis is placed on evidence-based methods to reduce infection-related morbidityand mortality in neonates. Keywords: Neonatal infection, sepsis, meningitis, pneumonia, TORCH, newborn care, neonatal mortality