GLOBAL GEOPOLITICAL SHIFTS AND UZBEKISTAN`S NEUTRAL STANCE

Аннотация

In the face of escalating global geopolitical conflicts and altering power dynamics, Uzbekistan has always maintained a neutral foreign policy. This article examines Uzbekistan's neutrality in the context of key worldwide realignments, including its reasoning, implications, and obstacles. Theresearch examines historical precedents, regional difficulties, and multilateral diplomacy to assess how neutrality works as a strategic asset and balancing act for Uzbekistan in thechanging global order. Keywords: Neutral foreign policy, Uzbekistan, Geopolitical shifts, Strategic neutrality, Central Asia, Non-alignment, Multilateral diplomacy, Regional security, Sovereignty, Global order Annotatsiya: Global miqyosda geosiyosiy ziddiyatlarning kuchayishi va kuchlar muvozanatining o‘zgarishi fonida O‘zbekiston doimo neytral tashqi siyosat yuritib kelmoqda. Ushbu maqolada O‘zbekistonning neytrallik pozitsiyasi dunyodagi asosiy geosiyosiy qayta joylashuvlar nuqtai nazaridan tahlil qilinadi; xususan, bu pozitsiyaning sabablari, oqibatlari va duch keladigan to‘siqlari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Tadqiqot tarixiy tajribalar, mintaqaviy muammolar va ko‘p tomonlama diplomatiya asosida neytrallikning O‘zbekiston uchun strategik boylik va muvozanatvositasi sifatidagi rolini baholaydi. Kalit so’zlar: Neytral tashqi siyosat, O‘zbekiston, Geosiyosiy o‘zgarishlar, Strategik neytrallik, Markaziy Osiyo, Harbiy ittifoqlarga qo‘shilmaslik, Ko‘p tomonlama diplomatiya, Mintaqaviy xavfsizlik,Suverenitet, Global tartib Аннотация: На фоне обострения глобальных геополитических конфликтов и изменений в распределении сил Узбекистан неизменно придерживается нейтральной внешней политики. В данной статье рассматривается нейтралитет Узбекистана в контексте ключевых мировых изменений, включая причины такого выбора, его последствия и вызовы. Исследование опирается на исторические прецеденты, региональные трудности и многостороннюю дипломатию, чтобыоценить,как нейтралитет выступает стратегическим активом и инструментом баланса для Узбекистана в условиях меняющегося мирового порядка. Kлючевые слова: Нейтральная внешняя политика, Узбекистан, Геополитические изменения, Стратегический нейтралитет, Центральная Азия, Неприсоединение, Многосторонняя дипломатия,Региональная безопасность,Суверенитет,Мировойпорядок The twenty-first century has seen a substantial transition in global geopolitical landscapes, characterized by the growth of multipolarity, renewed great power competition, and regional conflict. Amid these trends, Uzbekistan, a strategically positioned Central Asian country, has pursued a neutral and pragmatic foreign policy. This neutrality is not a passive nonalignment, https://ijmri.de/index.php/jmsi volume 4,issue4,2025 1116 but rather an active policy of engagement without bias. This article examines how and why Uzbekistan maintainsthis posture, as well as thestrategic benefits and potential concerns. Since obtaining independence in 1991, Uzbekistan's foreign policy trajectory has changed multiple times. Under President Islam Karimov, the government pursued an isolationist, security-oriented foreign policy. However, under the leadership of Shavkat Mirziyoyev (since 2016), Uzbekistan's foreign policy has grown more open, cooperative, and regionally active. In today's quickly changing world, Uzbekistan boldly presents itself as a major actor on the global scene. The country's foreign policy, revitalized by the election of Shavkat Mirziyoyev as President in 2016, has produced outstanding successes, transforming the republic into a significant center for regional and global diplomacy. New Uzbekistan's foreign policy demonstrates exceptional diversity and dynamism, founded on the ideals of peace, mutually beneficial cooperation, and global openness.  Regional Cooperation: Uzbekistan aggressively promotes connections with all Central Asian countries, working to improveregional security and economicintegration.  Global Partnerships: The country is strengthening ties with major world powers comprising the United States, Russia, China, and the European Union, and also with international organizations and financial institutions (UN, SCO, CIS, OTS, BRICS, World Bank, ADB, EBRD, and others), resulting in increased cooperation in avariety offields.  Multivector Diplomacy: Uzbekistan has a balanced foreign policy, refusing to affiliate with any onecountry orbloc.  Economic diplomacy focuses on strengthening commercial and financial relationships, attracting foreign investment, andmodernizing theeconomy.  Cultural and humanitarian engagements: Uzbekistan actively engages in international cultural events that fosterintercivilizational discourse. Uzbekistan's foreign policy is founded on the standards and principles stated in the Constitution, as well as legislation suchas "On the Fundamental Principles ofForeign Policy Operationsof the Republic of Uzbekistan," "On International Settlements of the Republic of Uzbekistan," and "On Defense." It also follows Uzbekistan'