PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF TEACHING METHODS SUITABLE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS' SYSTEMATIC THINKING IN TEACHING BIOLOGY

Аннотация

В статье представлены результаты исследования практического применения методов обучения, соответствующих развитию системного мышления студентов в преподавании биологии. Ключевые слова: системное мышление, развитие системного мышления, методы обучения, метод "Словарь" технология, "Системный анализ" метод создания кластеров. Annotatsiya: Maqolada biоlоgiyа fanini о‘qitishdа talabalarni tizimli tаfаkkurini rivojlаntirishga mоs ta’lim metodlarining аmаldа qoʻllаnilishi bo‘yicha tadqiqot natijalari keltirilgan. Kalit so‘zlar: tizimli tаfаkkur, tizimli tаfаkkurnini rivojlаntirish,ta’lim metodlari, “Lug‘аt” metоdi, “Tizimli tahlil” texnologiyasi, Klаsterlаr tuzish metоdi. Abstrakt: The article presents the results of research on the practical application of teaching methods suitable for the development of students' systemic thinking in teaching biology. Key words: systemic thinking, development of systemic thinking, teaching methods, "Dictionary" method, "System Analysis" technology, Cluster construction method. Intro. In the modern educational process, teaching students not only to memorize facts, but also to analyze and generalize the interrelationships between complex biological processes and phenomena is considered an urgent task. In particular, the development of systemic thinking occupies a special place in teaching the subject "Methods of Teaching Biology." Because biology studies the interrelationships of complex structures and functions of natural systems - from cells to entire ecosystems. Systemic thinking is the student's ability not only to see individual facts and phenomena, but also to identify their interrelationships, general patterns, and to have a holistic idea. For the development of such thinking, the methodology of teaching biology requires the application of modern approaches, innovative methods, and technologies. The science of biology teaching methodology itself studies complex connections in systems - complex structures ranging from the genetic code to 53 SCIENCE AND INNOVATION IN THE EDUCATION SYSTEM International scientific-online conference the biosphere level. Therefore, in biology lessons, it is necessary to pay special attention to the development of students' skills in consolidating theoretical knowledge, reasoning based on practical experience, identifying cause-and- effect relationships, and systematizing their conclusions. To achieve this goal, the effective use of methods based on a systematic approach and information and communication technologies, encountering students in problem situations, and encouraging them to find independent solutions based on interconnected knowledge is of great importance. The development of students' systemic thinking in the process of teaching the subject "Methods of Teaching Biology" means the development of their ability to perceive, analyze, and draw general conclusions from the studied natural phenomena and biological processes in their interrelationship. This process requires the correct selection and appropriate application of modern methods and technologies. Therefore, in the development of students' systemic thinking, it is advisable to use the following methods and technologies: Methods of system analysis and synthesis - students study the structure and functional interrelationships of biological objects and processes; Problem-based teaching methods - students are presented with topical issues and problems in biology, encourage their analysis and independent solution; Project-based learning methods - students master the internal connections of biological systems by creating independent projects; Observation and experimental methods - students verify theoretical knowledge in practice by conducting experiments on real objects. Modern educational methods: Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) - Virtual laboratories, interactive simulators, and biological models allow for the study of complex systems. Multimedia and visualization technologies - Enhance systematic thinking by showing complex biological processes (such as intracellular processes) through 3D animation. With the help of electronic platforms and online lessons - Moodle, Google Classroom, Kahoot, it will be possible to systematically organize assignments and establish monitoring. In laboratory classes, students systematize their conclusions based on independent experiments. At the end of the course, students present their projects, in which they strive to systematically reflect their knowledge. In 54 SCIENCE AND INNOVATION IN THE EDUCATION SYSTEM International scientific-online conference assessment, the ability to think systematically is also taken into account as a criterion (for example, the ability to analyze an event through the cause-and- effect chain). Students can gain knowledge by reading the text or part of the textbook, but the content features of natural science textbooks and the content of assignments given to students must be clearly defined. Therefore, in th