PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS FOR THE USE OF PROJECT METHODS IN PRIMARY EDUCATION

Аннотация

The given article is about using the project method in primary education, which regulates the mental activity of the student at the highest level of thinking, a complex process such as the creative combination of ideas and possibilities, concentration and rethinking and reconstruction of information. When choosing a project methodology in subjects, it should be borne in mind that children of this age are characterized by high sensitivity, increased excitability, uneven attention and mood. Key words. Mind, children, age, excitability, attention, observation, critical thinking, skills, elementary school, students, design, techniques, modernization. Modern education in the country is aimed at independent study and analysis of knowledge, increasing the efficiency of the educational process. At the same time, there is a need for the widespread introduction of a systematic approach to the educational process through the improvement of technologies for the use of design methods in primary education. Primary school teachers must develop a technology for preliminary planning of the technological chain, from the goals of the educational process to the creation of a system for diagnostics and control over the process. Since the design methods are based on the use of new tools and information methods, their application ensures the fulfillment of modern requirements, the organization of training content based on international standards. The issues of personalization of the process of primary education, its creative organization, modernization and integration of the content of primary education were investigated by R. Safarova, B. Adizov, R. Nurjanova, N. Khasanova, N. Dilova. Particular attention is paid to the implementation of the creative potential of students. Such scientists as O. Rozikov, M. Makhmudov, B. Adizov, O. Tolipov approached the organization of educational activities of students in the education system from the point of view of theoretical skills. 97 ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE International scientific-online conference When choosing a project methodology in subjects, it should be borne in mind that children of this age are characterized by high sensitivity, increased excitability, uneven attention and mood. Given that there is a social need for free observation and critical thinking skills in elementary school students, we refined several design techniques throughout the study. This assumes that the teacher is recommending multi-step design methods to students using e-learning tools. In the primary grades, the design methodology is carried out in several stages. Stages of the project methodology: 1-SEARCH STAGE. search and analysis of problems. Choosing a project theme. step-by-step planning of project activities. collection, study and processing of information related to the topic of the project. 2- STAGE OF DESIGN. 1. Find the most optimal solution to the project problem. 1.1 Study of design options based on design requirements. 1.2 The choice of production technology 1.3 Economic assessment 1.4. environmental assessment. 2. Preparation of design and technological documentation. 3- TECHNOLOGICAL STAGE. 1. Develop a plan for the implementation of the project, the selection of the necessary materials, tools and equipment. 2. Execution of planned technological operations. 3. Continuous quality control. 4. If necessary, making changes to the design and technology. 4.- FINAL STEP. 1. Assessment of the quality of the project. 2.Analysis of the results of the project. 3. Study of the possibility of using the results of design (exhibition, trade, submitting projects to the bank, publication). Students need to be taught to think through the learning process using a project-based method. The teacher's task is only to create an environment that encourages any kind of thinking. In the process of teaching students the project method, you should pay attention to the following: - develop a unique point of view among students; - the ability to substantiate the advantage of one opinion over another; - the ability to solve complex problems; - prove the dispute; 98 ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE International scientific-online conference - the ability to work together to develop a common idea; - to study the influence of life experience on ideas and perceptions. Involving students in the process of active thinking, solving a problem situation, teaching them to rationalize logical processes will inevitably lead to positive results in the assimilation of knowledge. Using the project method in a lesson is not an easy task. This is the choice of didactic methods in accordance with certain age groups, their rational use. However, there is a specific set of learning environments that can be used to develop student mindfulness skills. In the process of teaching students by the project method, special attention should be paid to the following conditions: 1. Give time and opportunity to gain experience of logical an