THE ROLE OF MIR JALAL IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SHORT STORY GENRE IN AZERBAIJAN

Аннотация

Счастье нашего народа в том, что он дал миру и человеческой культуре множество выдающихся личностей. В этом отношении Мир Джалал Пашаев, известный своими беспримерными заслугами в развитии азербайджанской литературы, стоит на переднем крае как одна из таких выдающихся личностей. Жизнь и творчество этого выдающегося писателя изучаются, а его произведения публикуются не только в Азербайджане, но и за рубежом. Празднование 100-летнего юбилея Мир Джалала, внесшего важный вклад в азербайджанскую литературу XX века, на уровне ЮНЕСКО является показателем признания нашей культуры и литературы в мировом масштабе. Наряду с его произведениями, его человеческие качества, доброта и общечеловеческие идеи считаются образцовыми. Мир Джалал внес новаторство как в форму, так и в содержание рассказа. Мир Джалал принес в нашу литературу мемориальную форму рассказа, сатирическую, лирико-романтическую, семейно-бытовую форму в новой форме. Мир Джалал 356 художественно отражает время той эпохи, в которой он жил в рассказе. Рассказное творчество Мир Джалала составляет важную ветвь современной азербайджанской прозы. Мир Джалал дополнил типы и формы рассказа. Название «Рассказы-воспоминания», рассказы-новеллы, описательные рассказы связаны с Мир Джалалом. Хотя существуют классические варианты сатирических рассказов, в современности это связано с именем Мир Джалала. Ключевые слова. Мир Джалал, азербайджанская литература, жанр рассказа, тема патриотизма, роль рассказов в воспитании молодежи. In 1958, the work of literary critic Jafar Khandan, dedicated to the 50th anniversary of the birth of our outstanding writer Mir Jalal, entitled “Mir Jalal”, was published. Professor Jafar Khandan Hajiyev writes: “...They work for decades on novels that do not fit into volumes, they do not pay attention to the story. That is why we cannot fail to appreciate the work of Mir Jalal, who does not forget this genre and writes new stories and novellas” [6, p.22]. In addition to writing critical works, Mir Jalal is also known for his works inspired by love for the homeland. In his story “Wounds of the Motherland”, he touches on this serious topic. He created images of people who love their homeland and are very patriotic. At the same time, Mir Jalal was also an excellent connoisseur of classical heritage and folk psychology, as well as folk creativity. Therefore, his patriotic human images stemmed from his attitude to the classical heritage, as well as from his deep absorption of folk art and folklore. Elchin Efendiyev notes in one of his memoirs that he reviewed the articles published in 1937- 1939. At that time, the press wrote articles against the repressed writers, and even exposed them. The literary scholar notes that he did not come across a single article by Mir Jalal among these articles, which he considers a very proud and encouraging fact. There is a generation that grew up with the works of Mir Jalal Muallim and learned a lot from his works. Mir Jalal is one of the most honest writers in Azerbaijani literature. If the works and books of a writer are published 50, 60, 70 years after his time, even if they are published a long time after his time, this shows that the writer is honest. He prioritized the interest of literature, did not sacrifice it to the interest of the era. That is why, no matter what era, no matter where in the world, the works of the writer can be published. Mir Jalal Muallim is a great image of humanity in our literature. At the same time, he educated thousands of young people as a teacher, which is the greatest service that can be done to the people. When Mir Jalal worked in Ganja and Gadabay, received higher education, went on creative missions, during his student years, during his activity as a teacher, met people of different characters, and people of different professions, Mir Jalal could observe life as a writer deeply. That is why the writer answered the questions that interested and worried his readers in his stories. Researchers have repeatedly noted Mir Jalal's important role in the development of the story genre in Azerbaijan in their speeches and articles. In Mir Jalal's stories, for about 40 years, people - generations who replace each other live the upbringing and moral norms surrounding them, which are characterized by high artistic quality. In these works, Mir Jalal's civic pride clearly manifests itself in his search for a person who is morally and spiritually perfect. According to the conclusion drawn from Mir Jalal's stories, man, as well as time, is an extremely inexhaustible being, a rich "treasure" with deep feelings and cognition, whose inner world is endless. To embody this treasure once and for all, to reveal the “secret of man and time” is an extremely complex process. Nevertheless, Mir Jalal managed to cope with this difficult and important task by writing down the different types and characteristics of time, man, and literary heroes. The author of this article has published scientific articles abou