ON THE ISSUE BESET WITH SEMANTICO-FUNCTIONAL PECULIARITIES OF THE TAJIK MODAL PARTICLE SHOYAD AND ITS ENGLISH EQUIVALENTS

Аннотация

В данной статье рассматривается сопоставительный анализ семантико- функциональных особенностей таджикской модальной частицы шояд и ее английских эквивалентов. Проведенный сопоставительный анализ показывает, что таджикская модальная частица шояд неизменно несет смысл возможности, неопределенности или предположения. Таким образом, приведенные примеры и факты раскрывают богатую и многогранную особенность модального выражения в сравниваемых языках. В то время как в таджикском языке шояд выступает в качестве многофункциональной модальной частицы, в английском языке используется широкий спектр грамматических средств для достижения схожих семантико-прагматических свойств. Ключевые слова. сравнительный анализ, перевод, модальная частица шояд, семантико- функциональных особенности, выражение модальности. 1. Introduction. Particles are considered to be ones of the auxiliary parts of speech serving to give various shades of meaning to a sentence (Ashrapov, 2022), or its individual members “as a means of expression of the spirit of language creating its freshness, accurateness, concise and deep reflection. In general, they play an important role in the people`s spiritual life” (Kosimova, 2003). Particles are classified as a distinct part of speech standing alongside nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. However, their functional margins are often unclear, and their roles can overlap considerably with those of adverbs, conjunctions, and even interjections. This inherent flexibility and multifaceted nature make particles a particularly intriguing area of linguistic inquiry (Khalilov, 1977; Zhang, 2020). The purpose of the study is to conduct the comparative analysis of semantico-functional peculiarities of the Tajik modal particle shoyad and its English equivalents. 2. Materials and methods: 69 While conducting the comparative analysis, we have resorted to “Temur Malik – Tajik People`s Hero. Muqanna`s Rebellion” translated into English and introduced by Professor Abdusalom Mamadnazarov (2022), and adduced the appropriate examples out of the above- mentioned source in order to bring certain thoughts and proofs. The chosen source depicts different historical events and the history of Tajik literary language (TLL) and is worthy of the comparative analysis of semantico-functional peculiarities of the Tajik modal particle shoyad. The relevant is occurred 8 instances in the corpus of our study. The study canvasses the comparative analysis of semantico-functional peculiarities of the Tajik modal particle shoyad and its English equivalents focusing on its dynamic nature, semantical features and the interplay of diverse mechanisms. The relevant approach purposes to comprehensively analyze shoyad by comparing its function and usage to equivalent structures in English. The theme explored highlights the observations and considerations on a multi-faceted, data-driven methods. 3. Main results: The conducted comparative analysis of semantico-functional peculiarities of the Tajik modal particle shoyad and its English equivalents in “Temur Malik – Tajik People`s Hero. Muqanna`s Rebellion” (2022) reveals a complex interplay of expressive elements that significantly contribute into the narrative`s affective depth and pragmatic shades. The following examples adduce the diverse range of the particle shoyad presented by Aini, its respective functions, and their corresponding interpretations in English. Each example is followed by a detailed scientific analysis. The relevant study focuses on the Tajik modal particle shoyad considering its semantico-functional and morphological features in comparison with its English equivalents. The Tajik modal particle in question roughly equivalent to perhaps or maybe in English expressing possibility and uncertainty (Mamatov, 2005; Mamadnazarov, 2021). Hereby, we decided to dwell on some semantico-functional peculiarities of the modal particle shoyad in comparison with its English equivalents based on the following examples. In its turn, the former in question offers an element of doubt, conjecture, or hypothetical thinking into the sentence indicating the proposition being presented is not a confirmed fact, but rather a potential scenario, a hopeful outcome, or a considered possibility as well. Example 1: Tajik: Agar mo dar in jo jumlai “daromadi hukumat”-ro be ezoh guzorem, shoyad khonandagon gumon kunand, ki dar on vaqto ham khazinai davlati boshad va hukmdoron moli on khazinaro ba masorifi shakhsii khud sarf nakarda, tanho ba korhoi umumii mamlakat sarf mekarda boshand - English: The income of the government requires explanation, to prevent readers from thinking that in those years, the ruler`s officials would deposit this income into a state treasury, where government officials could not use it for their private benefit, but only for the benefit of the common interests of the country (Mamadnazarov, 2022, p.15). In the first example, the modal particle under study participates as an epistemic modal mar