THE SIGNIFICANCE OF SYNTACTIC ANALYSIS IN COMPUTATIONAL LINGUISTICS: ILLUSTRATED THROUGH RESEARCH ON WORD COMBINATIONS AND VALENCY

Аннотация

This article explores the crucial role of syntactic analysis in computational linguistics, particularly focusing onhowit aids in understanding word combinations and valency. By examining recent research and methodologies, we highlight the implications of syntactic structures for natural language processing (NLP) tasks, such as machine translation, sentiment analysis, and information retrieval. The findings underscore the necessity of robust syntactic frameworks to enhance the performance ofNLP systems. Keywords: Syntactic analysis, computational linguistics, word combinations, valency, natural language processing, machine translation, sentiment analysis. Syntactic analysis is a foundational aspect of computational linguistics that deals with the structure of sentences and the relationships between words. It plays a pivotal role in understanding how words combine to form meaningful phrases and sentences. This significance is particularly evident in the study of word combinations and valency - two concepts that illuminatehowwords interact within asyntactic framework. Syntactic analysis, also known as parsing, is the process of analyzing a string of symbols in terms of its grammatical structure. In the context of language processing, this involves examining sentences to determine their syntactic structure and ensuring that each word follows thelinguisticrules. In computer science, syntactic analysis is critical for converting high-level programming languages into machinecode. Word combinations refer to the ways in which words can be grouped together to convey specific meanings, while valency pertains to the number of arguments a verb can take. Together, these concepts form the basis for understanding sentence structure and meaning, which are essential for various applications in natural language processing (NLP). This article aims to elucidate the importance of syntactic analysis in computational linguistics by examining its implications for word combinations and valency [1]. Computational linguistics is an interdisciplinary field concerned with the computational modelling of natural language, as well as the study of appropriate computational approaches to linguistic questions. In general, computational linguistics draws upon linguistics, computer https://ijmri.de/index.php/jmsi volume 4,issue4,2025 914 science, artificial intelligence, mathematics, logic, philosophy, cognitive science, cognitive psychology, psycholinguistics, anthropology and neuroscience, among others. Computational linguistics isclosely related to mathematical linguistics. In computational linguistics, syntactic analysis uses algorithms to transform text into structured formats that computers can process. Parsing algorithms are essential for tasks such as code compilation in computer science, as well as natural language processing tasks like sentiment analysis. The context-free grammar is often utilized because it is powerful enough to describe most of the syntax used in programming languages. For example, most modern programming languages like Python, Java, and C++ use context-free grammars for their parser implementations. These grammars are defined using a set of recursive rules or productions that describe which strings ofsymbols comprisesyntactically correct strings inthelanguage. Lexical valency is defined as the aptness of a word to appear in various combina-tions. The range of the lexical valency of words is linguistically restricted by the inner structure of the English word-stock. This can be easily observed in the selection of synonyms found in different word-groups. Though the verbs lift and raise are usually treated as synonyms, it is only the latter that is collocated with the noun question. The verb take may be synonymically interpreted as grasp, seize, catch, lay hold of, etc., but it is only take that is found in collocation with the nouns examination, measures, pre-cautions, etc.; only catch in catch smb. napping and grasp in grasp the truth [2. p. 64-65]. Lexical collocability is understood as the ability of a lexeme to collocate with a class of lexemes (allolexes) on the basis of the common classeme, which is a case of semantic accord. The class of lexemes forms the domain of the use of the lexeme delimited by theexplanation ofits sememe. This explanation represents the semantic norm of the lexeme [3.p. 176]. The terms collocability and valency are considered to be distinct in the following manner: the former is defined as a particular actualization of a lexical unit's ability to collocate with other lexical units, leading to a conceptual com-bination; the latter is opposed as potential ability of lexical units to collocate with other units of the same category [4. p. 75]. Valency is also understood as the ability of lexical units to interact with other units at close and distant relations, or in micro and macro contexts. Valency is related to such notions as 'position' and 'function'. According to S.D. Katznelson, in su