РАСПРОСТРАНЕНИЕ ROSA PERSICA MICHX. ЭКС ЮСС. В ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ И ЗАПАДНОЙ АЗИИ

Аннотация

Rosa persica Michx. ex Juss. is a wild rose species native to arid and semi-arid regions from Iran to Central Asia and western Afghanistan. This study aims to analyze the spatial distribution and biogeographic patterns of this species using georeferenced occurrence data. A total of 453 records were compiled from GBIF and visualized using gridded heat maps and detailed topographic overlays. Results reveal the species’ strong association with temperate montane and steppe habitats, especially in northeastern Iran, southern Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan. Key words: Rosa persica, spatial distribution, Uzbekistan Аннотация: Rosa persica Michx. ex Juss. — вид дикой розы, произрастающий в засушливых и полузасушливых регионах от Ирана до Центральной Азии и западного Афганистана. Целью данного исследования является анализ пространственного распределения и биогеографических закономерностей этого вида с использованием данных о встречаемости с географической привязкой. Всего было собрано 453 записи из GBIF, которые были визуализированы с использованием тепловых карт с сеткой и подробных топографических наложений. Результаты показывают сильную связь вида с умеренными горными и степными местообитаниями, особенно на северо-востоке Ирана, юге Казахстана и Узбекистана. Ключевые слова: Rosa persica, пространственное распространение, Узбекистан Annotatsiya. Rosa persica Michx. sobiq Juss. yovvoyi Namatak turi Erondan Oʻrta Osiyo va Gʻarbiy Afgʻonistongacha boʻlgan qurgʻoqchil va yarim qurgʻoqchil hududlarga xosdir. Ushbu tadqiqot georeferents hodisasi ma'lumotlaridan foydalangan holda ushbu turning fazoviy tarqalishi va biogeografik tarqalishi tahlil qilishga qaratilgan. GBIF dan jami 453 ta nuqtalar to‘plangan va batafsil topografik qoplamalar yordamida vizuallashtirilgan. Natijalar turning mo‘tadil tog'li va dashtli yashash joylari, ayniqsa Eronning shimoli-sharqi, janubiy Qozog'iston va O‘zbekiston bilan kuchli aloqadorligini ko‘rsatadi. Kalit so‘zlar: Rosa persica, prostranstvennoe rasprostranenie, Uzbekistan Introduction. Rosa persica Michx. ex Juss. is a morphologically distinct and ecologically specialized wild rose found across Iran, Central Asia, and western Afghanistan (POWO, 2025). This species, characterized by its yellow flowers and unique dark center (Figure 1), is of botanical and phylogenetic interest due to its divergence from typical Rosa species and its adaptation to dry, continental climates (Lack et al. 2024, Zhang et al. 2025). These peculiar traits give it a unique taxonomic status and high breeding value in the genus Rosa. Due to the adverse effects of urban development, such as road construction, canalization, and agricultural expansion, the distribution of R. persica has been drastically reduced and fragmented, and the future climate warming is expected to drive its migration to higher latitudes and altitudes. (Zhang et al., 2021). In 2021, China has listed R. persica as a national second-class key wild plant for regulatory protection (Zhang et al. 2025). Understanding the species’ distribution is crucial for taxonomic research, conservation planning, and predictive ecological modeling, particularly under increasing climate and land-use pressures. The goal of this study is to visualize the spatial distribution ofRosa persica and identify its biogeographic hotspots and environmental preferences. adu.uz universaljurnal.uz 230 “ZAMONAVIY BIOLOGIYANING DOLZARB MUAMMOLARI VA RIVOJLANISH ISTIQBOLLARI” xalqaro ilmiy-amaliy anjuman materiallari Figure 1. Flower ofRosa persica photo by Natalya Beshko Materials and Methods. Occurrence data for Rosa persica were compiled from multiple reputable sources to ensure comprehensive geographic coverage and data reliability. The primary dataset was obtained from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF, 2024), a widely used open-access platform that aggregates biodiversity records from herbaria, museums, and citizen science initiatives worldwide. Additional records were retrieved from iNaturalist, a community-based platform where verified users contribute georeferenced biodiversity observations with photographic evidence. To supplement these, data were also collected from Plantarium.ru, a Russian-language online flora portal that provides expert-verified species occurrence records and herbarium images, particularly valuable for the Central Asian region. Furthermore, regional distribution data were incorporated from the recent floristic and biogeographic work by Ismonova et al. (2024). A total of 453 georeferenced records were cleaned and filtered for accuracy. Two complementary mapping approaches were employed: Heatmap Visualization (Figure 2): A 1° × 1° grid was applied across Central and Western Asia. The number of records per grid cell was calculated and color-coded from low (yellow) to high (blue) occurrence density using ArcGIS. Topographic Biogeographic Overlay (Figure 3): A high-resolution elevation and ecoregion map of Uzbekistan and adjacent areas was ov