ВЕЛИЧИНА И ИЗМЕРЕНИЕ ИОНИЗИРУЮЩЕГО ИЗЛУЧЕНИЯ. ЕДИНИЦЫ РАДИОАКТИВНОСТИ

Аннотация

Ionizing radiation, known for its ability to remove electrons from atoms and create ions, is a key area of study in radiology, nuclear physics, and environmental health. Its quantity and measurement are crucial for ensuring safety in various applications such as medical imaging, cancer treatment, and nuclear energy. This article delves into the fundamental quantities used to measure ionizing radiation, the units associated with each quantity, and their practical applications. It also explores the methods and instruments employed in measuring these quantities, focusing on the various units of radioactivity such as the becquerel (Bq) and sievert (Sv), and their relevance in different fields. Key words: Ionizing radiation, radiation measurement, absorbed dose, dose equivalent, effective dose, exposure, radioactivity, sievert, gray, becquerel, ionization chambers, Geiger-Müller counters, dosimeters.