ИНДИКАЦИЯ МОДЕЛИ ДИАБЕТА У КРЫС ПРИ СВИНЦОВОЙ ИНТОКСИКАЦИИ И ВЫСОКОЖЕЛАТЕЛЬНОЙ ЖИРОВОЙ ДИЕТЕ

Аннотация

Особый интерес представляют патологические состояния, возникающие в результате накопления тяжелых металлов, которые попадают в организм напрямую или опосредованно. В ходе проведенных исследований самцам белых беспородных крыс массой 210–220 граммов в течение 28 недель давали воду с содержанием соли свинца 0,05 мг/кг и в течение этого времени кормили пищей с высоким содержанием жиров. На 7-й, 14-й, 21-й и 28-й неделях эксперимента проверяли количество глюкозы в крови животных. По его данным, установлено, что за 7 недель количество глюкозы в крови увеличивается на 39,1%, за 14 недель — на 60,7%, а за 21 неделю — почти в 2,5 раза. Отмечено, что к 28 неделе уровень глюкозы в крови увеличился почти в 3,5 раза, при этом в контрольной группе показатель составил 5,2 ммоль/л, а в опытной группе – 18,2 ммоль/л. Ключевые слова: крыса, свинец, тяжелые металлы, желчь, организм, токсичные вещества, ксенобиотики, сахарный диабет 2 типа, окружающая среда, кровь, глюкоза, печень, гликоген. Аннотация:Оғир металларни организмга бевосита ёки билвосита йўллар орқали кириб кумулaцияланишидан юзага келаётган патологик ҳолатлар алоҳида эътиборни тортади. Олиб борилган тадқиқотларда 210-220 грамли оқ зотсиз эркак каламушларга 0,05 мг/кг қўрғошин тузи 28 хафта давомида сув оркали бериб борилди ва улар шу вақт мобайнида ёғли диетада боқилди. Тажрибани 7, 14, 21 ва 28 хафталарда ҳайвонларни қонидаги глюкоза миқдори текшириб борилди. Унга кўра қондаги глюкоза миқдори 7 хафтада 39,1 % га, 14 хафтада 60,7% га, 21 хафтада эса деярли 2,5 баробарга ортиши аниқланди. Қондаги глюкоза миқдори 28 хафтага борганда назорат кўрсатгичи 5,2 ммоль/л, тажриба гурухиники эса 18,2 ммоль/л ни ташкил қилиб, деярли 3,5 баробарга ортганлиги қайд қилинди. Калит сўзлар:каламуш, қўрғошин, оғир металлар, саъноат, организм, токсик моддалар, ксенобиотиклар, 2-тип диабет, атроф муҳит, қон, глюкоза, жигар, гликоген Today, special attention is paid to prevention and treatment of pathological conditions arising in nature and living organisms as a result of heavy metal salts entering the environment. Monitoring adu.uz universaljurnal.uz 591 “ZAMONAVIY BIOLOGIYANING DOLZARB MUAMMOLARI VA RIVOJLANISH ISTIQBOLLARI” xalqaro ilmiy-amaliy anjuman materiallari carried out in industrialised countries has also shown that their levels in air, soil and water have increased several times. These xenobiotics, along with other changes in ecosystems, have led to changes in the ecological state of soil, water and plants, as well as in the biochemical processes that take place in them. Toxic elements emitted by industrial plants cause changes in the physical and chemical properties of soils used for growing agricultural products [2; 5]. For example, in a study of an area of a mineral processing and metallurgical production centre in southern Spain, levels of As, Sd, Su, Pb and Zn in soil were found to exceed permissible limits [4]. Studies have shown that when examining the composition of drinking water in the Aral Sea region, such elements as Li, B, Mn, Fe, Se, Se, Br, Sr, Ba, Cd, Co, and in agricultural products (wheat, rice and others) such substances as Al, Cr, Fe, Cd, Pb, Ni, Sb exceed the permissible norm several times [1]. Among heavy metals, lead is one of the most toxic. According to the results of recent studies, the emission of lead into the environment as a man-made metal is increasing every year. Lead (Pb) is a chemical element that disrupts the endocrine system in high doses. However, several studies have shown that even low levels of lead have an effect on plasma glucose levels [2]. Exposure to lead has been linked to an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in the population, and research has shown that the two conditions are closely linked. More than 200 results from 60 studies have been published, of which 82 have shown a significant link between toxic substances and type 2 diabetes in the expected direction. In general, it has been found that areas with clean environments and the opportunity to walk in green areas are associated with a lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the population, whereas areas with increased noise and air pollution are associated with a higher risk of developing the disease [3]. Thus, the results show that there is an organic link in the occurrence of diabetes as a result of increased levels of toxic substances in the environment. Purpose of the study: The aim of the study was to induce diabetes in animals through lead intoxication and a high-fat diet, and to determine the amount of blood glucose and glycogen in the liver. Materials and methods: The studies were carried out on more than 50 white rats. Adult male rats were selected for the experiment. The animals were kept in separate cages in clean, bright, ventilated rooms. Five rats were placed in each cage. The cages were made of plastic and had dimensions of 50x30x28 cm. The room temperature was 22-24 °C and relative humidity was 40-60%. The rats received unlimited food