THEORETICAL ANALYSIS OF THE FACTORS AFFECTING THE TENSION OF TANDA THREADS

Аннотация

In this article, you will discuss the tension of body threads, why it is necessary, the mechanisms that affect them, the mechanisms that maintain the tension of body threads, and the types of these mechanisms. Key words: tanda threads, tension, mechanism, tanda adjuster, positive, negative, tanda brakes. The tension of the threads is one of the most important factors for creating a fabric. Because the lack of tension causes many errors in the weaving process. That is, the tension of the threads of the body becomes loose, the threads of the rope do not fall correctly, which in turn leads to a violation of tissue rapport. Many factors affect the tension of the threads. These include the weight of the threads on the bobbin, the good performance of the branches, and the theft of the raw fabric being prepared. One of the main requirements for the picking process is to create a tension that is equal in value to all flats. When the tension increases, the properties of the threads deteriorate, and when the tension decreases, the density of the resulting package decreases. In the case of uneven tension, the surface of the package is damaged. that is, there are bulges and depressions on its surface. As a result, there are more breaks in the loom. A sharp change in the tension of the thread is especially evident in the processing of chemical fibers. Because a "longitudinal unevenness" defect is formed in the tissue. This defect is the result of different dyeing of yarn. This, in turn, is created as a result of the thread being wound in different tensions during the process of spinning. Tension devices are used to maintain and change the tension of all threads coming out of the body frame. The tensioning device is one of the main parts of the body frame and mainly determines its quality. Currently, various tensioning devices are used. There are highly automated and mechanized body stretchers. But the price of these tensioning devices is very 236 “JOURNAL OF SCIENCE-INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN UZBEKISTAN” JURNALI VOLUME 03, ISSUE 06, 2025. JUNE ResearchBib Impact Factor: 9.654/2024 ISSN 2992-8869 high. Therefore, it is necessary to take into account the economic efficiency of replacing existing tensioning devices with modern ones. In some cases, it is appropriate to use simple tensioning devices. The following requirements are imposed on tensioning devices: 1. Simple structure, quick tension adjustment and even grip standing 2. That there is an opportunity to create different tension. 3. The possibility of self-cleaning. 4. Prevention of slippage of elementary thread, which is chemical and baked threads are important in picking. 5. The use of wear-resistant threading elements. 6. Centrally adjust all tensioners opportunity. 7. Reliability during use. Technical and technological requirements for transmission and tensioning mechanisms: - keeping the thread tension constant as the diameter of the winding on the weaving reel decreases, - during the process, maintaining the stability of the saturating tension from the working cycle to the cycle; - control of internal cycle tension; - maintaining the tension of the body and the constant state of the tissue edge in order to reduce the defects (treadmill) formed during short-term stress-stopping; - constant maintenance of the machine's tread line as the winding diameter decreases; - delivery of a specific length of thread to the zone of tissue formation. In the preparation department, the tanda threads are wound on special large weaving reels and brought to the weaving department. Weaving spools are basically cylindrical metal tubes with flanges on both sides. The number of warp threads wound on the weaving bobbins, the length of the loom and the density of the winding depend on the structure and composition of the fabric to be woven. The weaving reel is the main part of the transmission and tensioning mechanism. the quality of the threads wrapped in it, the good condition of the parts of the reel are of great importance in increasing the productivity. Threads should be 237 “JOURNAL OF SCIENCE-INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN UZBEKISTAN” JURNALI VOLUME 03, ISSUE 06, 2025. JUNE ResearchBib Impact Factor: 9.654/2024 ISSN 2992-8869 wound on the reel in the form of a strict cylinder, there should be no crushed or protruding places in the windings. From the weaving reel placed on the loom, the thread used to produce one element of the fabric is stretched at medium tension. The thread tension on the body is different depending on the type of fabric, and its value is determined by experience. If the tension of the thread is not enough. the density of thin threads in the fabric may not be enough. The tension level of the thread has a direct effect on the breakage of the thread: the reason for the increase in the number of breakages can be the increase or decrease of the tension. If the tension is reduced, during the process of forming the hamuz, the tanda threads of different branches can be broken d