BIOMETRIK AUTENTIFIKATSIYANING XAVFSIZLIK TAHDIDLARI VA HIMOYA USULLARI TAHLILI

Аннотация

Ushbu maqolada biometrik autentifikatsiya tizimlariga tahdid soluvchi xavfsizlik muammolari tahlil qilinadi hamda ularni bartaraf etish uchun mavjud texnik va tashkiliy himoya usullari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Avvalo, autentifikatsiya protokollariga nisbatan amalga oshiriladigan hujumlar — masqarad, takroriy uzatish, soxtalashtirish, kechiktirish va tanlangan matn asosidagi hujumlar turlari bayon qilinadi. Asosiy e’tibor biometrik autentifikatsiya vositalariga, xususan, foydalanuvchining barmoq izi, yuz tasviri yoki boshqa jismoniy-biologik belgilariga asoslangan tizimlarga qaratilgan. Har bir tahdid turi yuzaga kelish ssenariysi bilan birga tahlil qilinadi va unga nisbatan taklif etiladigan samarali himoya choralari — tiriklikni aniqlash texnologiyalari, kriptografik shifrlash, ko‘p faktorli autentifikatsiya, vaqt belgilari, sessiya nazorati kabi yondashuvlar bilan tavsiflanadi. Maqolada keltirilgan jadval biometrik autentifikatsiya tahdidlarini tizimli ko‘rinishda taqdim etib, ularni baholash va solishtirish imkonini beradi. Tadqiqot natijalari biometrik xavfsizlik tizimlarining samaradorligini oshirishga xizmat qiluvchi texnologik yechimlarni ishlab chiqishda muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi. Kalit so‘zlar: biometrik autentifikatsiya, axborot xavfsizligi, tahdidlar, himoya usullari, spoofing, ko‘p faktorli autentifikatsiya, kriptografik himoya, tiriklikni aniqlash, autentifikatsiya protokoli, sessiya xavfsizligi. Abstrakt. This paper analyzes the security threats to biometric authentication systems and reviews the existing technical and organizational protection methods to mitigate them. It first outlines common attacks on authentication protocols—such as masquerade, replay, spoofing, delay, and chosen-text attacks. Special attention is given https://scientific-jl.org/obr 8 2 Выпуск журнала №-70 Часть–9_ июня –2025 ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ НАУКА И ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ИДЕИ В МИРЕ 2181-3187 to biometric authentication tools that rely on physical and biological characteristics of users, such as fingerprints, facial features, and others. Each type of threat is examined through possible attack scenarios, and corresponding countermeasures—such as liveness detection technologies, cryptographic encryption, multi-factor authentication, timestamps, and session control—are described in detail. A structured table presents a comparative analysis of biometric authentication threats, providing a clear framework for their evaluation. The results of this study are of practical significance for the development of effective technological solutions aimed at enhancing the reliability of biometric security systems. Keywords: biometric authentication, information security, threats, protection methods, spoofing, multi-factor authentication, cryptographic protection, liveness detection, authentication protocol, session security.