ORIGIN OF PHRASAL VERBS IN UZBEK AND ENGLISH LANGUAGES

Аннотация

This article discusses the origin of idioms, that is, phrases, in the Uzbek and English languages. The topic is sufficiently explained theoretically and scientifically. In this process, the views and research of Uzbek and world scientists are cited as an important factor. The basis for the origin of some phraseological expressions is indicated. Examples on the topic also play an importantrole infully disclosingthecontent ofthearticle. Key words:origin, phraseological unit,figurative meaning, equivalent, term, stereotype Annotatsiya: Ushbu maqolada o‘zbek va ingliz tillarida idiomalar, ya’ni iboralarning kelib chiqishi haqida so‘z boradi. Mavzu nazariy va ilmiy jihatdan yetarli darajada tushuntirilgan. Bu jarayonda o‘zbek va jahon olimlarining qarashlari, tadqiqotlari muhim omil sifatida tilga olinmoqda. Ayrim frazeologik iboralarning kelib chiqish asosi ko'rsatilgan. Mavzuga oid misollarham maqola mazmuninito‘liqochib berishdamuhim rol o‘ynaydi. Kalitso’zlar: kelib chiqish, frazeologik birlik, ko’chma ma’no,ekvivalent, termin, stereotip Аннотация: В данной статье рассматривается происхождение идиом, то есть выражений, в узбекском и английском языках. Тема достаточно изложена теоретически и научно. В этом процессе в качестве важного фактора приводятся взгляды и исследования узбекских и зарубежных ученых. Указана основа происхождения некоторых фразеологических выражений. Примеры по теме также играют важную роль в полном раскрытии содержания статьи. Ключевые слова: происхождение, фразеологическая единица, переносное значение, эквивалент,термин,стереотип Idioms are phraseological units, that is, expressions. They are stable language units consisting of two or more components, denoting a single phraseological meaning. Idioms are often used in artistic style to make a text or a story or novel more attractive and beautiful, and in colloquial style to increase the impact of speech on the listener. In both cases, speech becomes richer in content and more impactful to the listener, which is similar to citing a word with proof. Idioms are units belonging to a particular language and cannot be translated exactly, that is, directly into another language. Idioms usually have a portable meaning, so understanding all idioms in their own meaning can lead to misunderstanding of speech. As noted above, in fiction and colloquial speech, idioms are usedas acolorful tool to create images ofirony, sarcasm, orexaggeration. If we turn to the thoughts and research of world scientists in this field, among Western linguists, Sh. Balli was one of the first to use the term phraseology in 1905 [1]. He interpreted phraseologisms as units of expression of the language. Also, in 1928, Ye.D. Polivonov, using this term in his scientific works, said the following sentences: “I found it necessary to use the term “phraseology” for a special science that relates to lexis in the same way that syntax relates https://ijmri.de/index.php/jmsi volume 4,issue4,2025 386 to morphology. Indeed, since the 1950s, phraseology has been in the focus of attention of world linguistics. As a result of a number of scientific studies on it, its object was determined, and this science formed itsplace among other branches oflinguistics. In particular, many of our poets and writers, who are considered Uzbek scientists and writers in this field, such as Gafur Ghulom, Maqsud Shaykhzoda and Erkin Vohidov, and many of our writers, conducted research in the process of translating rare works considered to be the products of world writers. Also, one of our Uzbek researchers, Obidjon Parpiyev, in his articles, highlighted the methods of preserving the originality, primarily semantic, lexical, and morphological, when translating idioms [2]. At the same time, another Uzbek researcher, Shahnoza Egamova, in her articles, speaks about the role and importance of phraseology in the field of modern linguistics and considers phraseologisms as a stereotype that reflects the unique way ofthinking ofthis peoplein each language [3]. These stable combinations, or idioms, that exist in the language reflect the way of life of this people, which is why people often refer to them in many situations. Each expression is formed based on the lifestyle or experiences and experiences of people. That is, expressions are formed in connection with the culture of people. For example, you can use the expression “as correct as a scythe” in the Uzbek language when someone is saying something wrong or giving you information. A scythe is a tool for agricultural work and is crooked. That is, this expression also arose in the process of labor. Or if we touch on the expression “to see red”, this expression means “to become angry”. We know that in Western and European countries there is a game in the form of a bull and a human fight, in which the bull gets angry when the participant shows the red cloth to the bull. We would not be wrong if we say that this idiom or expression also originated at this time. We use