IMPACT OF INDUSTRIAL DUST ON EMPLOYEES' HEALTH

Аннотация

This article examines the impact of dust generated in the production environment on the health of employees. The relevance of the topic is explained by the increasing need for occupational safety and health measures in manufacturing enterprises. According to the results of the study, dust particles can cause respiratory diseases, allergic reactions and chronic bronchitis. In conclusion, it was foundthat the negative effects of industrial dust can be reduced through effectiveventilation systems, protectiveequipment and regular medical examinations. Keywords:industrial dust, occupational disease, labor protection, employee, health. Introduction. The rapid development of modern production technologies is also increasing the number of factors that negatively affect human health. One of these is industrial dust. These dusts are small particles of inorganic or organic substances formed during the production process, which enter the human body through the respiratory tract and cause various health problems. In particular, employees working in industrial enterprises, metallurgy, construction, cotton processing, chemical and textile industries are directly exposed to the effects of this harmful factor. Therefore, studying the impact of industrial dust on human health, identifying ways to reduce it, ensuring labor protection and creating healthy working conditions is one of theurgent problems of themodern era. According to studies conducted by the World Health Organization and other international health institutions, 40–60 percent of workers working in industrial areas are susceptible to respiratory diseases. This figure is especially high in industries with high levels of industrial dust. This problem remains relevant in the Republic of Uzbekistan. In some industrial districts, the amount of dust exceeds regulatory standards. As a result, chronic bronchitis, asthma, tuberculosis, and other respiratory diseases are increasing among workers. In addition, long- term work in a dust-contaminated working environment also negatively affects the cardiovascular system, immunesystem, and nervous system [1]. The nature and sources of industrial dust also vary. For example, in metallurgical enterprises, dusts generated during metal cutting, grinding and melting processes are mostly composed of metal oxides, while in the cotton industry, dusts are mainly organic fiber dusts. In the chemical industry, dusts can consist of various reagents, powdery substances and chemical mixtures. Some of these dust particles have not only mechanical, but also toxic effects, causing significant long-term harm tothehuman body. Although current laws, regulations and technical regulations on labor protection are aimed at reducing the negative impact of industrial dust, in practice these measures are not sufficiently implemented, the problem is not solved. Due to the ineffective operation of ventilation systems in some enterprises, the lack of use of protective equipment or their poor quality, and the lack of sufficient knowledge of hygiene and sanitation among employees, industrial dust continues tothreaten thehealth ofworkers. In this regard, this article provides an in-depth analysis of the impact of dust generated during http://www.internationaljournal.co.in/index.php/jasass 516 Volume 15Issue 05, May 2025 Impact factor: 2019: 4.679 2020: 5.015 2021: 5.436, 2022: 5.242, 2023: 6.995, 2024 7.75 production on the health of employees. The study examines the types of industrial dust, its routes of entry into the human body, its harmful effects on the body, existing sanitary and hygienic standards and the state of their implementation, and provides suggestions for creating ahealthy environment in production enterprises. The relevance of the study is directly related to the expansion of industrial sectors and the increase in population employment. The increase in the number of manufacturing enterprises requires a review of measures to protect the health of employees, their improvement, and the introduction of production environment control systems based on modern technologies. This will ensure not only the health of workers, but also overall economic efficiency. After all, a healthy worker is thebasis ofsustainableproduction [2]. Also, scientific research on this topic is based on international experience. In particular, the experiences of European countries, the USA, Japan and South Korea have introduced advanced ventilation systems, automated monitoring systems, and modern protective equipment for workers to reduce dust pollution. By studying such advanced experiences and adapting them to national conditions, it is possible to make the production environment environmentally safe and healthy. Methodology. Dust pollution in the industrial environment is one of the urgent problems of industrial hygiene, and many Uzbek and foreign scientists have conducted research in this area. In his monograph "Industrial Hygiene", Uzbek scientist Professor A.K. Ergashe