THE ROLE OF TEACHERS IN LEARNERS’ MOTIVATION

Аннотация

В этой статье подчеркивается, что, хотя мотивация может исходить из внутренних желаний или внешних вознаграждений, учителя играют основополагающую роль в формировании и поддержании мотивации учащихся. Ключевые стратегии включают построение позитивных отношений между учителем и учеником, предоставление автономии, поощрение релевантности и компетентности и предоставление конструктивной обратной связи. В тексте подчеркивается, как методы обучения, ориентированные на учащихся, реальные связи и постановка целей улучшают мотивацию и результаты обучения. Кроме того, в нем подчеркивается важность доверия, поощрения и внутренней мотивации по сравнению с опорой на внешние вознаграждения. Результаты исследований подтверждают, что поддержка учителей напрямую влияет на успеваемость и эмоциональное благополучие учащихся. Annotatsiya: Ushbu maqolada motivatsiya ichki istaklar yoki tashqi mukofotlardan kelib chiqishi mumkin bo'lsa-da, o'qituvchilar talabalarning motivatsiyasini shakllantirish va qo'llab-quvvatlashda asosiy rol o'ynashini ta'kidlaydi. Asosiy strategiyalar orasida ijobiy o'qituvchi va talaba munosabatlarini o'rnatish, avtonomiyani ta'minlash, dolzarblik va malakani oshirish va konstruktiv fikr-mulohazalarni taklif qilish kiradi. Matnda o‘quvchiga yo‘naltirilgan o‘qitish usullari, real hayotdagi aloqalar va maqsad qo‘yish motivatsiya va ta’lim natijalarini qanday yaxshilashini ta’kidlaydi. Bundan tashqari, u tashqi mukofotlarga tayanishdan ko'ra ishonch, rag'batlantirish va ichki motivatsiya muhimligini ta'kidlaydi. Tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko'rsatadiki, 76 THEORETICAL ASPECTS IN THE FORMATION OF PEDAGOGICAL SCIENCES International scientific-online conference o'qituvchining yordami talabalarning akademik samaradorligi va hissiy farovonligiga bevosita ta'sir qiladi. Key words: Student motivation, teacher support, intrinsic motivation, feedback, student-teacher relationship, learning environment, autonomy, competence, engagement, academic achievement. Ключевые слова: мотивация учащихся, поддержка учителя, внутренняя мотивация, обратная связь, отношения ученика и учителя, учебная среда, автономия, компетентность, вовлеченность, академическая успеваемость. Kalit so'zlar: Talaba motivatsiyasi, o'qituvchini qo'llab-quvvatlash, ichki motivatsiya, fikr-mulohaza, o'quvchi va o'qituvchi munosabatlari, o'quv muhiti, avtonomiya, kompetentsiya, faollik, o'quv yutuqlari. Motivation increases students’ learning (Theobald, 2006). Students’ learning can increase because of their own innate desires to perform or accomplish a task; however, students’ learning may be affected by external factors such as rewards or incentives (Bain, 2004; Theobald, 2006). Students’ learning is not entirely dependent on their own motivation. Teachers’ play a vital role in increasing students’ learning through motivational support (Schuitema, Peetsma, & Oort, 2016; Theobald, 2006; Thoonen, Sleegers, Peetsma, & Oort, 2011). Teachers can increase students’ motivation to learn by support of students’ autonomy, relevance, relatedness, competence, teachers’ interests in the subject, and self-efficacy (Ferlazzo, 2015; Schiefele & Schaffner, 2015; Schuitema et al., 2016; Zhang, Solmon, & Gu, 2012). Though motivation can be intrinsic or extrinsic, it is important for teacher to create an environment that motivates students’ learning. One of the most important factors affecting learners’ motivation is the quality of the relationship between teachers and students. When teachers show genuine care, respect, and understanding, students feel valued and supported. This positive emotional connection builds trust and creates a safe learning environment where students are willing to take risks and engage actively. Effective communication also plays a key role; teachers who listen attentively and provide constructive feedback help students overcome challenges and maintain motivation. For example, encouraging words and recognizing small achievements can boost a learner’s confidence and encourage continuous effort. The methods and strategies that teachers use directly impact students’ motivation. Traditional, lecture-based teaching can sometimes lead to boredom and disengagement, especially if learners find the material irrelevant or difficult 77 THEORETICAL ASPECTS IN THE FORMATION OF PEDAGOGICAL SCIENCES International scientific-online conference to understand. On the other hand, interactive and learner-centered approaches, such as group projects, discussions, problem-solving activities, and the use of technology, stimulate interest and participation. By varying teaching methods to meet different learning styles and needs, teachers can create an engaging atmosphere that motivates students to learn. Furthermore, when lessons are connected to real-life situations or students’ personal interests, motivation significantly increases. Then, Clear goal-setting and transparent assessment criteria are vital in maintaining learner motivation. When students understand what is