PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS AFFECTING THE DYNAMICS OF INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS IN LARGE FAMILIES

Аннотация

The modern family is called not only to solve many problems related to the daily life of its members, the birth and upbringing of a child, interpersonal relationships in the family, but also to be a kind of psychological «shelter» for a person. At the current stage of development, there are views that a large family is in a state of crisis caused by changes in socio-economic and social conditions, values and priorities in relation to the family as a social institution. Key words: large family, interpersonal relations, parenting, modernization, systematic approach, structural analysis, methodological problems. At present, more attention is being paid not only theoretically, but also practically to the problems of family - marriage - parenthood. Yu.I.Aleshina, V.N.Druzhinin, S.V.Kovaleva, A.S. Pivakovskaya, E.G.Eidemiller and other scientists emphasize that although the family has relative independence and stability, it directly or indirectly reflects all the changes taking place in society. According to the main methodological principle of family structure, family relations represent a structural unity, its elements are interrelated, such as marriage, parent-child, child-father, child-child, grandparent-grandparent relations. An important methodological principle of family relations research - synergistic - allows considering the dynamics of family relations from the point of view of non-linearity, imbalance [4]. Local and foreign researchers have long been interested in the phenomenon of large families and its impact on the quality of life of families. In the conditions of traditional society, the economic motives for the birth of children prevailed, because children were economically useful to the family as workers and were a guarantee of the well-being of the parents in their old age. Children are a special economic asset because they are not only the source of family needs, but also its long-term investment. By making this investment process, the family hopes to cover future expenses by increasing the income stream for the family as a whole or for the child himself. It should also be taken into account that the quality of the child's human capital formation depends on the number of children in the family, and the contribution of parents in this process is perceived differently. 169 ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN MODERN SCIENCE International scientific-online conference The 1970s saw the emergence of several popular publications that examined the individual factors influencing these determinants, demonstrating the important relationship between the number and quality of children in the family. G.Becker singled out the level of financial well-being of parents as the main factor affecting the level of education of children in the family. Based on this interpretation, the family acts as the main channel for the distribution of financial resources with the possibility of investing in human capital. Income received by family members fully forms the conditions for the production, development and reproduction of human capital [5]. For psychology, it is of particular interest due to the uniqueness of relationships within a large family, as well as the existence of psychological characteristics of its members. These characteristics largely determine the emergence of a large family, as well as its further existence and life characteristics. Currently, a family with three or more children under the age of eighteen (including adopted children, as well as stepchildren) is considered a large family. According to the classification of E.F.Achildiyeva, the following types of families with many children are distinguished: - Families where parents love their children and consciously want to have them. In such families, the child acts as one of the values in life, and parents do everything they can for their children to live a good life. - Families where parents do not consciously try to have many children. Third and subsequent children can occur mainly due to lack of family planning. As a result of the birth of such seven twins or triplets, fear of termination of pregnancy, a doctor's prohibition of abortion due to the mother's health, religious beliefs, and rejection of abortion and contraception may arise. - Families formed as a result of the union of two incomplete families, where each of them already has a child. - Families where having a large number of children can be considered a manifestation of a problem. Here, children are often a means of obtaining various privileges and allowances. In addition, in most cases, children in such families are born as a result of promiscuous sex, alcohol or drug addiction, and the typical psychological attitude of parents is to believe that their main task is to raise a child [11]. Families with many children have become an object of psychological research since the beginning of the 90s of the last century. The study of the psychological characteristics of parents and the characteristics of r