DEVELOPMENT OF VIEWS ON THE SUBJECT

Аннотация

The article provides information about the subject and its components such as exposition, node, development of the story, culmination, resolution, and expresses views on this issue, sometimesputting forward theauthor's ownviews. Keywords: work of art, subject, exposition, node, development of the story, conflict, collision, culmination,resolution, plot, composition,character, idea, goal. Абстрактный. В статье дается информация о теме и ее компонентах, таких как экспозиция, кульминация, развитие, кульминация и развязка, а также высказываются мнения по этому вопросу, иногда представляющие собственные уникальные взгляды автора. Ключевые слова: художественное произведение, сюжет, экспозиция, кульминация, развитие событий, конфликт, коллизия, кульминация, развязка, сюжет, композиция, персонаж,идея,цель. Since fiction is a unique reflection of human life and reality in general, and the subject is an important component of fiction, its main product, a work of art, there is a need to study the subject in a widercontext, to give it ageneral philosophical interpretation beyond the scope ofa literary work. This is a natural and legitimate need. After all, in a work of art, reality is depicted (depicted - means to take a picture, draw, the word musavvir also comes from this root), which allows for different assessments of reality, in particular, interpretations from a philosophical andesoteric perspective, and scientificstudy. Any person who has reached the age of one has a specific life path. Even a newborn baby has traveled a nine-month journey in the mother's womb, so the child's life in the womb can also be called a unique path. In general, we can call the past and present life, the life path traveled, various events that occurred during it, ina figurative sense, and if necessary, in the literal sense, a subject. This means that the subject has a natural-scientific basis. Usually, the original lexical meaning of the term carries a large informational load, it is always present in the essence of the event and works constantly. The term subject entered literary science from French, and in Vladimir Dal's famous “Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language” it is explained as “the subject, the knot and content of the work”. Here we will pay attention to the word “subject”. It entered our language through the Russian language, meaning a thing, an object and is explained as follows: “Any concrete material thing that is perceived through the senses, exists outsideourconsciousness”. So, since the original, lexical meaning of the subject is the subject, and the subject means the thing and phenomenon being described or narrated, it follows that as soon as the term appeared, page2352 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue05,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai it was emphasized that it constitutes the phenomenon to which it is related, that is, the fundamental essence ofthework ofart. One of the first theoretical sources in world aesthetics and literary criticism, Aristotle's "Poetics (On the Art of Poetry)", contains the following idea: "Therefore, in any tragedy there should be six elements... These are the parts of the narrative, characters, language, idea, spectacle and music. Two of these parts (language and music) belong to the means of depiction, one (spectacle) to the method of depiction, and three (narrative, characters, idea) to the subject of depiction." Here, an explanation is necessary. By poetry, Aristotle means fiction in general, and by tragedy (along with the epic, of course) a work of art in general. Some sources of that period even mention the idea that Homer was the first tragedian, including the tragedies "Iliad" and "Odyssey". In Aristotle's time, the term "narrative" (Greek mythos, myth - word, story) was used instead of thecurrent subject. We return to the essential elements of tragedy, that is, a work of art. It seems that the great thinker mentions the narrative, that is, the depicted event, as the first element of tragedy, and in the chapter entitled “Characters, Language, and Idea: Its Importance,” he specifically emphasizes “But themost important oftheseparts is theflowofevents.” In the definition of tragedy in this work, the narrative, the flow of events also occupies a central position: “A tragedy is not a narrative of a certain volume, with different parts polished in different ways, but adescription ofan important and completeevent.” Here, the main position of the narrative (event) in the work is emphasized, and its two necessary characteristics are indicated: first, the event in the work must be important, that is, not a casual, incidental event, but an event of special social importance, and second, it must be complete, that is, whole, without gaps, and brought totheend, tothe end. These two characteristics of the event depicted in the work, that is, the s