Analysis of the Effectiveness of Below the Line Campaigns for Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease in Banda Aceh City

Аннотация

All community health centers (Puskesmas) within the working area of the Banda Aceh City Health Office have implemented non-communicable disease (NCD) prevention efforts, including bottom-line campaign strategies such as banners, posters, brochures, and leaflets. However, based on surveillance data, the incidence of NCDs continues to rise. According to the Banda Aceh City health profile, in the context of minimum service standard indicators for NCD services— specifically hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus— there were 13,077 recorded cases of hypertension in 2021, increasing to 19,394 cases in 2022. Similarly, the number of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus rose from 9,573 in 2021 to 12,653 in 2022. This study aims to International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health Research 7 https://ijmsphr.com/index.php/ijmsphr identify the factors influencing the effectiveness of Furthermore, the high rate of morbidity can drain bottom-line campaigns for NCD prevention in Banda healthcare resources. This situation demands the Aceh City. This research employed a quantitative survey implementation of measurable preventive measures. method supported by qualitative data, analyzed using Educating the public on healthy lifestyle behaviors Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling becomes a fundamental proactive strategy. (PLS-SEM). The study population comprised all residents Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) cause of Banda Aceh City, totaling 262,960 individuals. The approximately 41 million deaths annually, accounting sample included individuals aged 15 years and older who for 74% of all deaths worldwide. Around 17 million accessed general polyclinic services at three selected people die before the age of 70 due to NCDs, and 86% of Puskesmas in Banda Aceh and had seen or received these premature deaths occur in low- and middle- information on NCD prevention through bottom-line income countries. Cardiovascular diseases are the campaign media. Data collection was conducted using a leading cause of NCD-related deaths, with around 17.9 questionnaire. The results indicate that accessibility, million deaths annually, followed by cancer (9.3 million), target audience characteristics, and media content chronic respiratory diseases (4.1 million), and diabetes significantly influence the effectiveness of bottom-line (2 million, including deaths from chronic kidney disease NCD prevention campaigns in Banda Aceh City. The due to diabetes). These four diseases account for study concludes that the effectiveness of bottom-line approximately 80% of premature NCD-related deaths NCD prevention campaigns in Banda Aceh City is (Ministry of Health RI, 2023). determined by media accessibility, audience The mission of the Directorate for the Prevention and characteristics, and the content of the campaign Control of Non-Communicable Diseases (P2PTM) at the materials. Indonesian Ministry of Health is to protect the public Keywords: Campaign effectiveness, Grassroots from NCD risks and to improve public health status, campaign, non-communicable diseases, Media survival rates, and quality of life. This is pursued through accessibility, SmartPLS enhanced prevention and control efforts, reduction of Introduction: Providing quality services to the shared risk factors, and the decrease of illness, disability, community is one of the government's responsibilities. and death rates from NCDs, along with lowering the One of the healthcare service facilities is the Community socio-economic burden resulting from these diseases Health Center (Puskesmas), which implements both (Ministry of Health RI, 2023). public health and primary personal healthcare efforts, In the province of Aceh, the prevalence of NCDs among with a greater emphasis on promotive and preventive individuals aged 15 years and above, based on diagnoses measures to achieve the highest possible health by doctors from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey standards for the population in its service area. One of (SKI), was: hypertension (7.9%), diabetes mellitus these efforts is health campaigns, which are organized (2.2%), asthma (1.0%), cancer (0.7%), heart disease communication activities aimed at creating a specific (0.77%), stroke (8.8%), and chronic kidney disease impact on a large portion of the target audience in a (0.2%). sustained manner. The long-term success of such According to the Aceh Province Health Profile, the programs does not depend solely on medical factors but number of hypertension patients receiving minimum also on the participation and understanding of the service was 504,915 in 2022, which dropped to 343,260 community regarding these efforts (Gustian et al., in 2023. Meanwhile, diabetes mellitus patients receiving 2024). minimum service totaled 109,466 in 2022 and 108,305 The campaign to prevent non-communicable diseases in 2023. (NCDs) is one of the health campaign types currently As stipulated in Minister of Health Regulation No. 71 of being pr