APPLICATION AND EFFECTIVENESS OF STEM EDUCATIONAL METHODOLOGY IN PRESCHOOL ORGANIZATIONS

Аннотация

This article analyzes the application of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics – Science, Technology, Engineering and mathematics) educational methodology in preschool educational organizations and its effectiveness. It is noted that through the STEM approach, children from an early age develop cognitive development, creativity, logical thinking, problem solving, and professional-oriented initial visions are formed. This methodology deepens children's perception of the environment through scientific observation, creating a solid foundation for them to master the sciences well in the future. Because STEM education is based on practical aspects, the child associates the knowledge they are learning with real life, which develops his ability to think independently and take an innovative approach. Keywords: STEM education, preschool education, cognitive development, creativity, vocational guidance, science integration, educational effectiveness, child development, innovativemethodology, early age education. STEM is an acronym formed from the initials of the English words “Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics” (i.e., Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics), a term that represents an integrated learning approach in the modern education system preparing for high-tech-based field-specific professions. The STEM approach shapes not only theoretical knowledge but real-life problem-solving skills in students. This type of education develops modern competencies such as practice-oriented, systematic thinking, critical and creative approach, collaborativework, creating an inextricable connection between different disciplines. The concept of STEM was first formed in the United States in the early 2000s as an official term. The formation of this approach was caused by the sharp growth of technological progress in the late 20th century, the need for digital transformation and highly qualified technical specialists. Due to the special emphasis on STEM education in the United States, Innovation, Industrial Development and economic competitiveness have increased in the country through this sector. STEM education is seen as the main tool for modern development not only in developed countries, but also in developing countries. At the Global level, the STEM sector forms the basis of innovation, new technologies, startups and the digital economy. It is for this reason that many international universities, grants, scholarships and projects support young peoplewho work precisely in theSTEMdirection. page2208 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue05,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai In Uzbekistan, the concept of STEM and the approach to education have actively entered since 2017-2018. In particular, the creation of the” Ministry of innovation development “in 2018, the support of innovative projects under the” Youth – Our Future “program, the launch of the” one million programmers " project, as well as the emphasis on robotics, Informatics, programming and interdisciplinary projects in schools based on international experience, means that the STEMapproach isactively introduced into theeducational system ofUzbekistan. Currently, STEM laboratories, technoparks, academies, incubation centers operate in some schools in our country. New modern programs in technical, information technology and engineering areas are also being introduced in many higher education institutions in our republic. Competitions and competitions in digital literacy, mathematics, programming, design areheld among young people. STEM education methodology is a teaching style that combines science (science), Technology (technology), Engineering (engineering), and Mathematics (mathematics) in a single system to give students knowledge through a practice-based, analytical, and innovative approach. This methodology refers to the harmonizing teaching of different disciplines in solving real-life problems, incontrast totheteaching oftraditional subjects individually. STEM education methodology is an innovative and integrated teaching system that meets the requirements of the modern world, prepares the student for all-round thinking, practical activities. This methodology serves as an important tool for preparing for digital transformation in the educational system of Uzbekistan, increasing technological potential and in the future for the cultivation of competitive personnel. The use of STEM educational methodology in preschool organizations is one of the important areas of modern pedagogy. Since preschool children have a high natural need for observation, creativity, interest in experimentation, the study of the environment, the STEM methodology gives a successful result at this very age. This approach helps to develop the scientific thinking of children from an early age, expand theircircle ofthinkingand form theirinne