SOCIAL CAPITAL BASED ON TRUST AND THE WORTH OF THE TEACHING PROFESSION IS A FINNISH STRATEGY FOR COMBATING CORRUPTION

Аннотация

According to this article, one of the most reliable real-world applications of the ideas of social capital and social trust in contemporary social philosophy is the Finnish model. It becomes clear how pertinent it is to analyse this paradigm within the context of social philosophy, particularly in light oftheevolution of contemporary postcolonial cultures. Key words:education, system, corruption, legal, moral, socio-philosophical, crime. In contemporary social philosophy, the Finnish model is regarded as one of the most reliable real-world examples of the ideas of social capital and social trust. Without the use of special institutions, the "social contract" that developed between the state and society is unique in that it is based on a shared anthropological trust rather than a national identity. To put it another way, education in Finland serves as a moral and political institution that promotes social regeneration inaddition to being avehicle for information transfer. Trust as a core element of social capital – in Finland, it exists not only at the legal or economic level, but also at the ontological level, and all social relations in society are built on the basis of loyal conventions, not structural ones. According to P. Fukuyama, “a high level of social trust strengthens trust in state institutions, but it is formed not through compulsory control from above, but on the basis of moral norms formed in society” (Fukuyama, 1995, p. 27). Finland is the most striking example of this: here the teacher is considered not only as a professional, but also as a patron of social morality, an agent reproducing the cultural and spiritual foundations of society. This turns the education system into a tool for educating contextual consciousness, based not on modern technocratic knowledge, but on socio-cultural compromise. The recognition of the teaching profession in a high social status in Finland is directly related to the value system of society, not the state. This aspect is expressed by N. Luhmann as “thelegitimization of thepolitical system through moral systems” (Luhmann, 1990, p. 73). Luhmann’s model has a positive connotation in the case of Finland, where society legitimizes itself through educational institutions, not the state. Critically, the non-universal nature of this model is evident in the context of many Western countries, especially the USA or Southern Europe. Most sociological studies show that trust as social capital works effectively only in conditions of economic stability and equality, which are characteristic of social democratic cultures (Putnam, 2000, p. 137). Therefore, an attempt to automatically apply the Finnish experience to Uzbekistan or other post-Soviet countries conflicts with the historical layers of“formality” and “order through fear”that existin thesocial consciousness.. However, the main lesson from the Finnish experience is that corruption in education can be prevented not only by punishment, but also by fundamentally changing social consciousness page2124 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue05,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai and professional culture. Educating a teacher not as a civil servant, but as a moral leader, forms social capital based on trust. That is why in Finland there is no separate institution of “fighting corruption” - this task is solved by society through moral, cultural and social norms (Zufarov et al., 2011, pp. 50-51). Thus, shaping the education system not only through legislation or bureaucratic control, but also through ontological loyalty, professional values ​ ​ ​ ​ recognized by society is the most profound and sustainable way to combat corruption. Thisis theessence of theFinnish model: justiceis guaranteed not bylaw, but bymorality. Corruption, as it exists in the independent Republic of Uzbekistan, has a negative impact on the implementation of democratic reforms, the functioning of the property class on the basis of established laws, the rapid development of the economy, the consistent improvement of the living standards of the population, that is, the positive establishment of order and rules, leading to deplorable situations. Many types of corruption and crime have a negative impact on our transition to independence and the full implementation of market relations, or rather, on the rapid development of our state. As in all countries, corruption and crime have deeply and firmly entrenched in the internal system of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Uzbekistan is not exempt from such types of organized crime as the "secret" economy, mafia, gangsterism (banditry), drug business,gambling, theuse ofterroristmethods, and prostitution. Corruption is currently a very urgent problem in many countries of the world. This vice has taken deep roots in many countries and has put the internal apparatus of the state under its pressure. For ex