UZBEK NATIONAL VALUES AND THEIR EXPRESSION IN ENGLISH TRANSLATION

Аннотация

This article researches the challenges and importance of translating Uzbek national values and cultural elements into English. It examines the intricate relationship between language, culture, and translation, highlighting how cultural differences can pose substantial challenges tothetranslation process. Abstrakt:Ushbu maqolada o'zbek milliy qadriyatlari va madaniy elementlarini ingliz tiliga tarjima qilishning qiyinchiliklari va ahamiyati o'rganiladi. U til, madaniyat va tarjima oʻrtasidagi murakkab munosabatlarni oʻrganib, madaniy tafovutlar tarjima jarayonida qanday muhimtoʻsiqlaryaratishi mumkinligini taʼkidlaydi. Two languages that reflect the same social reality differ from each other. People living in different societies see the world in their own way, - said Edward Sapir. This idea of ​ ​ Sapir was later confirmed by Benjamin Lee Whorf. They considered literature and art in general as a 2-system, that is, they arose from the 1-forming system oflanguage, and as Sapiror Whorfsaid, language cannot be without culture. If language is theheart, then culture creates the continuity of the body and their interaction creates the life energy. That is, a surgeon operating ontheheart cannot dowithouttaking into account thebodythat surrounds it. Linguist Roman Jacobson inhis article identifies three types oftranslation: 1. Translation or renaming within a language (interpretation of verbal signs in one language through other signs); 2.Interlingual translation or translation (expression ofverbal signs inanother language); 3.Inter-sensetranslation. The thesaurus gives a complete synonym or a synonym that is used depending on the situation, but in both cases it cannot be an absolute synonym. Because a complete equivalent cannot be included in any category. According to Jacobson, not all poetic translations are completetranslations. The word “culture” was first used in the book “Primitive Culture” by the English scientist Edward B. Tylo, published in 1871. According to Tylo, culture includes knowledge, beliefs, laws, traditions and various customs adopted by different members of society. Translation is not just an equivalent of a text, it is a difficult and complex process, like rewriting the original. It is the influence of one culture on another. To understand the activity of translation, we need to clarify the concepts of culture and language, and to pay attention to the relationship between language and culture. Linguist Gary Witherspoon has expressed his opinion on these relationships, writing: “If we look at culture from the perspective of linguistics, we have a one-sided understanding of culture. If we look at language from the perspective of culture, we have aone-sided understanding of language.” page1937 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue05,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai The process oftransferring elements of cultureto another language environment through translation is a complex matter. Culture is a complex set of everyday life experiences, which includes history, social systems, religion, everyday customs and traditions. Social relationships are also an element of culture. In some cultures, people are accustomed to living in large families, and this creates the need to address each family member in everyday communication. Each person is called by his name. Since living in large families is not so common in Western countries, the English language is somewhat lacking in the ability to describe words that express address. In some cultures, people address their elders with a certain degree of respect, such as uncle or aunt. In English, this is not without certain difficulties. Expressing some formalities is also very complicated, for example, the word "thank you" is translated differently depending onthesituation(for a gift, for a service, forsomereason). Clothing, jewelry, and food items also pose problems in translation. For example, it is useless to translatethetaste offood or itsproperties to someonewho has never tasted it. Traditions and customs are also part of culture. Whether it's a wedding, a funeral, or a festival, the history, significance, and underlying symbolism behind it all pose challenges for the translator. Beliefs and emotions change from culture to culture. In some cultures, white can symbolize purity, while black can symbolize evil. This means that culture does not only include concrete things like cities, organizations, schools, but also abstract things like ideas, customs, family patterns, and languages. In a word, culture means the way of life, the way of life of a society. It can change and disappear easily. Because it exists only in our minds. Our written language, thestate, buildings, and other human-made things are products of culture. Translation, of course, is a rewriting of the original text. Rewriting can reflect new ideas, new inventions, new genre