SOCIO-ECONOMIC, POLITICAL CHANGE IN THE LIFE OF UZBEKISTAN AND SOCIETY IN THE POST-INDEPENDENCE PERIOD

Аннотация

This article is dedicated to the achievements of our independence, social, economic, political, legal reforms, achievements and results, achievements, and developments in the field of education, economic indicators, health care, dedicated to the rational policy of I.A.A. Karimov. Keywords: Constitution, Habeas Corps, "Uzbek Model", Investment, University, Democratic, CivilSociety, Parliament, Cabinet. “The Republicof Uzbekistan, together with the Republic of Karakalpakstan within its structure, is an independent, democratic state”[1]. These sentences were uttered during the process of declaring the Independence of the Republic of Uzbekistan and are enshrined in Article 1 of the Law “On the Fundamentals of Independence of the Republic of Uzbekistan”. Our people, who lived under oppression for more than 70 years as part of the former Soviet Union, finally gained their freedom. In August 1991, when the Soviet Union was trying tooth and nail to preserve the Union Republics, the wise policy of our First President I.A. Karimov brought us the honor of independence. At that time, the President was on a visit to India. However, immediately after returning from the trip, on August 19, he met with activists in Tashkent and raised the issue of independence. A number of tasks were put before the State Council, and resolutions and decrees were issued. Finally, on August 31, 1991, the VI session of the Supreme Council of the XII convocation was held. This session left an indelible mark in the history of Uzbekistan. Because at this session, the issue of independence and the flag of an independent state were considered. Uzbekistan was declared an independent Republic, and September 1 was designated as Independence Day and a day off. At this session, the law “On the Fundamentals of Independence of the Republic of Uzbekistan” was adopted as the basis and model of our independence. This law consists of 17 articles and it was determined that it will serve as the Constitution until the adoption of a new Constitution. "The state independence of Uzbekistan was the legitimate result of the long and arduous struggle of the people. The people of Uzbekistan joyfully welcomed and approved their independence. A vivid example of this is the results of the referendum on the topic "Do you approve the State Independence of the Republic of Uzbekistan?", announced by the Supreme Council of the Republic of Uzbekistan on December 29, 1991. In general, 94.1 percent of those registered to vote, or 9 million 898 thousand 707 people, participated in the referendum. 9 million 718 thousand 555 people, or 98.2 percent of those who participated in the referendum, voted in favor of the state independenceof theRepublicofUzbekistan." [2] Thus, our independence was once again supported by the voice of our people. In addition, on this day, the first presidential election was held on an alternative basis. Of the candidates page1892 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue05,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai nominated in the election, Islam Karimov won and was elected President of the Independent Republic of Uzbekistan. Thus, our state was appointed President of an independent and sovereign Uzbekistan. The signs of an independent state began to appear one after another in ourstate. Independence gave us theopportunity to independently operate in all spheres ofsocial life, including socio-economic, political, and in general, to carry out reforms, and to freely manage these spheres. "Independence opened up completely new, broad horizons of development for us. We began to create our future with our own hands. We had a unique historical opportunity to build our life and our common home in accordance with our national interests and values, and universally recognized democratic criteria." [3] After the declaration of independence, major reforms were implemented in all areas. These processes and changes were carried out under the slogan "reforms are not for the sake of reform, but first of all for the people." A lot of work was done in the political sphere. In particular, state symbols were adopted, and the main task was set to adopt a new Constitution. In 1991, a Constitutional Commission was created. Various versions of the Constitution were developed, and the most acceptable version was selected from them and submitted to public discussion several times. Finally, on December 8, 1992, at the XI session of the Supreme Council of the XII convocation, the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan was adopted. It consisted of Section VI, 26 chapters, and 128 articles. In addition, the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of state power, which were the three branches of government, were liberalized over the years. The name of the Supreme Council was changed to the Oliy Majlis. The number of chambers became two: the Senate and the Legislati