STRESS AND EMOTIONAL REGULATION IN SIMULTANEOUS INTERPRETATION

Аннотация

В статье рассматривается взаимосвязь между стрессом и эмоциональной регуляцией в условиях синхронного перевода — деятельности, требующей высокой когнитивной и эмоциональной нагрузки. Основываясь на данных психологии и нейронауки, автор исследует влияние острого и хронического стресса на когнитивную работоспособность и эмоциональную устойчивость переводчиков. Рассматриваются нейробиологические механизмы, лежащие в основе стрессовых реакций и эмоциональной регуляции, особенности работы в условиях высокого давления, а также стратегии совладания со стрессом. Делается вывод о том, что эмоциональная регуляция — это не только личностное качество, но и важнейшая профессиональная компетенция дляустойчивости впрофессиисинхронного переводчика. Ключевые слова: стресс, эмоциональная регуляция, синхронный перевод, когнитивный контроль,стратегиисовладания,выгорание Annotatsiya: Maqolada sinxron tarjima jarayonida yuzaga keladigan stress va emotsional tartibga solish o‘rtasidagi bog‘liqlik tahlil qilinadi. Ushbu kasb yuqori darajadagi kognitiv kuch sarfi va emotsional bosim bilan ajralib turadi. Psixologiya va neyrofanning zamonaviy yutuqlari asosida tadqiqotda o‘tkir va surunkali stress holatlari tarjimonlarning ishlash qobiliyati va emotsional barqarorligiga qanday ta’sir ko‘rsatishi o‘rganiladi. Shuningdek, maqolada stress va emotsiyalarni boshqarishga javob beruvchi neyrobiologik mexanizmlar, og‘ir sharoitlarda ishlash xususiyatlari hamda stressga qarshi kurashish strategiyalari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Xulosa sifatida, emotsional tartibga solish nafaqat psixologik ko‘nikma, balki tarjimonlik kasbida zaruriy kasbiy kompetensiya ekanligi ta’kidlanadi. page1790 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue05,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai Kalit so‘zlar: stress, emotsional tartibga solish, sinxron tarjima, kognitiv nazorat, moslashuv strategiyalari, charchoq Simultaneous interpretation is a complex and cognitively demanding process that requires interpreters to perform multiple tasks simultaneously in real-time. These tasks include listening to the source message, analyzing its content, retaining it in short-term memory, and producing an equivalent message in the target language—all within seconds. Unlike other forms of translation, simultaneous interpretation leaves no room for delays, corrections, or consultationwith external sources, making ita high-pressure linguisticand cognitiveendeavor. Stress plays a significant role in this process. Interpreters are required to function at peak cognitive efficiency while being exposed to external and internal stressors. These stressors include the fast pace of speech, unfamiliar or technical vocabulary, emotionally intense subject matter, and the visibility of performance—particularly in high-profile settings such as diplomatic summits, courtrooms, or live media broadcasts. Each of these factors contributes to the activation of the stress response system in the body. According to Daniel Gile’s Effort Model, simultaneous interpretation can be broken down into three principal efforts: the listening and analysis effort, the production effort, and the short-term memory effort. When these three are engaged simultaneously, they consume most of the interpreter’s cognitive capacity. Any additional task, such as managing stress or dealing with a distraction, may exceed cognitive limits and cause deterioration in performance quality. From a physiological perspective, stress activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, releasing cortisol— a hormone that plays a key role in the body’s stress response. Elevated cortisol levels, while helpful in short bursts, can impair cognitive functions such as memory retention, attention, and decision-making when sustained over longer periods. In parallel, activation of the sympathetic nervous system increases heart rate and muscle tension, potentially making the interpreter feel anxious oroverwhelmed. To remain effective, interpreters must regulate their emotional responses. Emotional regulation is defined as the ability to monitor, evaluate, and modify emotional reactions to achieve one’s goals. In simultaneous interpretation, this means maintaining composure, suppressing signs of anxiety, and continuing to deliver accurate interpretations even under psychological strain. The prefrontal cortex is heavily involved in emotional regulation, working in coordination with the amygdala to modulate emotional arousal. Neuroimaging studies confirm that individuals withstronger prefrontal cortex activity are generally better at managing stress and emotional reactions. Emotional regulation strategies are essential for interpreter resilience. Among the most commonly used techniques is cognitive reappraisal, where the interpreter changes the way they perceive a stressful event in order to lessen its emotional impact. For example, instead of see