Methodical Basis of Development of Receptive Skills in German Language Learning

Аннотация

The research is devoted to the analysis of methodical approaches to the development of receptive skills (listening and reading) in the process of teaching German. On the basis of the analysis of modern pedagogical strategies and experimental data effective methods of formation of receptive skills of foreign language speech are proposed. Special attention is paid to the use of authentic materials and digital technologies. The results of the study can be applied in the practice of teaching German at schools and universities. Keywords: Receptive skills, listening, reading, teaching methodology, German language, authentic materials. Introduction: Receptive skills (listening and reading) are the foundation of successful acquisition of a foreign language, as they provide perception and understanding of oral and written speech. In the context of globalization and increased intercultural contacts, the development of these skills becomes especially important (Shchukin, 2020). However, learners often face difficulties such as: - high speed of native speakers' speech, - unfamiliar phonetic and lexical phenomena, - lack of natural language environment. The aim of the study is to identify the most effective methodological approaches to the development of receptive skills in German language teaching and offer European International Journal of Philological Sciences 46 https://eipublication.com/index.php/eijps European International Journal of Philological Sciences practical recommendations for teachers. which vocabulary is learned first, then the text is analyzed. In the conditions of globalization and expansion of international contacts, knowledge of foreign languages 3. Practical recommendations for teachers becomes an important skill. Among the key Use authentic materials, adapting them to the level of components of language competence are receptive students. skills - listening and reading, which provide Incorporate strategic exercises such as predicting, understanding of information in the target language. questioning and reflecting after listening or reading. This aspect is especially important for learners of German, as it has a complex grammatical system and Develop parallel skills (e.g., writing down key ideas after rich vocabulary. listening to a text). 1. Theoretical Foundations of Receptive Skills Hypothesis: The systematic use of authentic materials in combination with digital technologies increases the Receptive skills in the process of learning a foreign effectiveness of receptive skill building. language include the perception and understanding of spoken and written speech. They are formed on the METHODS basis of cognitive, linguistic and psycholinguistic Research Design processes. The research literature (teaching methodology, 1.1 Listening psycholinguistics) was analyzed and an experimental Listening is a complex process involving phonetic study was conducted in a group of students (B1 level) comprehension, highlighting key words and making for 12 weeks. sense of information. In German, comprehension is Methods and instruments made more difficult due to the presence of complex 1- Tests (input/output) to assess listening and reading syntactic constructions and phonetic features such as level. reduction of sounds in colloquial speech. 2. Application of authentic materials: 1.2. Reading - Audio: podcasts (DW, Slow German), videos Reading in a foreign language requires the ability to (YouTube). recognize words, understand syntactic structures, and - Texts: articles (Spiegel Online), adapted literature. analyze context. In German, the system of compound words (Komposita) as well as the variety of meanings 3. Digital platforms: Quizlet (vocabulary), LingQ of prepositions and verb administrations can cause (reading), Speechling (listening). difficulty. Assessment criteria 2. Methodological approaches to the development of - Speed of speech perception. receptive skills - Accuracy of comprehension of main and detailed Modern methods of foreign language teaching offer content. several approaches to the development of receptive - Ability to use context clues. skills: